Study notes of Surveying - Printable Version
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Study notes of Surveying - Manish Jain - 08-01-2019
Study notes of Surveying
for student in IV Sem. (B. Arch.)
Information on this site is purely for education (students / users) purpose. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for any purpose other than similar informational.
Plane Surveying : When are to be survey is small so that effect of earth curvature may be neglected is called plane surveying
Geodetic Surveying : When the area is large so that effect of curvature of earth must be considered is called geodetic surveying
Principles of surveying
- Always work from Whole To Part
- Choose the method of survey that is most suitable for the purpose
- always make provision of adequate check
- Record field data carefully
It is the preliminary survey. It is used at commencement of any survey work through suggesting possible alternative paths and routes. The reconnaissance survey is an extensive study of an entire area that might be used for a survey work, showing principal feature road etc.
Scale
- Numeric Scale : shown as ratio or representative friction (RF)
- Graphical Scale : Shown as Line subdivided in plan distance corresponding to units of length on ground
Errors of measurement in survey are of three kinds:
- Mistakes or Gross Error (GE)
- Systematic or Cumulative Error (SE)
- Accidental Error (AE)
carelessness and poor judgment or confusion in the mind of the observer. If a mistake is undetected, it produces a serious effect on the final result.
[b]Systematic Error: [/b]A systematic error is an error that under the same
conditions will always be of the same size and sign. A systematic error always follows some definite mathematical or physical law, and a correction can be determined and applied.
[b]Accidental Error : [/b]Accidental errors are those which remain after mistakes
and systematic errors have been eliminated and are caused by a combination of reasons beyond the ability of the observer to control.
Probability Curve
Probability curve describes the distribution of probability over the values of a random variable.
![[Image: image-12.png]](http://frontdesk.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/image-12.png)
For more detail download following document ...
Information on this site is purely for education (students / users) purpose. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for any purpose other than similar informational.