Materials and Metro Station Finishes - Printable Version
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Materials and Metro Station Finishes - FDArchitects - 07-31-2014
Materials and Metro Station Finishes
The materials selected and finishes adopted for floors, walls and ceilings should provide comfort and safety, improve the aesthetics, be durable, operable and maintainable with minimum resources. The materials chosen should be durable, fire resistant, vandal resistant, environment friendly and pleasing.
10.11.1 Basic Requirements
10.11.1.1 Safety
(a)Fire Resistance and Smoke Generation
Use materials with minimum burning rates, smoke generation, and toxicity characteristics for Station finishes, consistent with requirements of Fire/Life Safety requirements.
(b)Attachment
Eliminate hazard from dislodgment due to temperature change, vibration, wind, seismic forces, aging, or other causes, by using proper attachments of adequate bond strength.
©Skid-resistant (for walking surfaces)
Usefloor materials with skid-resistant qualities. Entrances, stairways, platform edge strips, and areas around equipment should have flooring having high skid-resistant properties.
The following static coefficients of friction shall be provided as a minimum:
Coefficient of Friction
(i)Public horizontal surfaces-0.6;
(ii)non-public horizontal surfaces, interior-0.5;
(iii)non-public horizontal surfaces, exterior-0.6;
(iv)stairs, ramps, sloping sidewalks-0.8; and
(v)area around equipment-0.6.
(d)Contrast Platform edge strips shall be of visually-contrasting material.
10.11.1.2 Durability
Use materials with wear resistance, strength, and weathering qualities consistent with their initial and replacement costs, and their location in the Station. The materials must maintain good appearance throughout their useful life. Materials shall be colorfast.
10.11.1.3 Ease of Maintenance
(a)Cleaning
Use materials which do not soil or stain easily, which have surfaces that are easy to clean in a single operation, and on which minor soiling is not apparent. Materials shall be cleanable with standard equipment and cleansing agents.
(b)Repair or Replacement
Usematerials which, if damaged, are easily repaired or replaced without undue interference with the operation of the System. Spare materials shall be available for tile and other unit materials. (Say a quantity of approximately two percent of the total used.).
10.11.1.4 Resistance to Vandalism
Materials and features that do not encourage vandalism and are difficult to deface, damage or remove shall be provided.
All surfaces exposed to the public are to be finished in such a manner that the results of casual vandalism can be readily removed with normal maintenance techniques. The Concessionaire is required to describe procedures for removal of more serious defacement for each finish in public areas and within 3 m of the floor surface, as part of the Maintenance Manual.
10.11.1.5 Aesthetic Qualities
Create feeling of warmth, attractiveness, quality, and civic pride in the facility.
10.11.2 General Criteria
Certain general criteria for finish materials are indicated below to achieve the goals outlined above as well as those, which would result in a high level of illumination, good cleanliness levels, and the appearance of high cleanliness.
10.11.2.1 Surface
Applied materials shall be hard, dense, non-porous, non-staining, acid and alkali resistant, of long life and low maintenance. Surfaces within reach of the public, upto 3 m above the floor level may be finished with applied materials.
10.11.2.2 Color
Colors shall aid maintaining high illumination levels, with sufficient contrasts and accents to provide visual interest and warmth and to conceal minor soiling.
To provide uniform contrast ratio in all Stations, a 100 mm wide yellow warning strip shall be placed adjacent to the 500 mm paver at platform edge.
10.11.2.3 Texture
Smooth surfaces should be preferred over rough ones for ease in cleaning and being less prone to catch settling dust. Rough surfaces are desirable where a skid resistant feature is important, and are acceptable where surfaces are difficult to reach.
A distinctive texture shall be provided at the platform edge when open or operable to the tracking to enable the blind to sense the platform edge.
10.11.2.4 Unit Size
Unit should be large enough to reduce the number of joints yet small enough to conceal minor soiling and scratches and to facilitate replacement if damaged. Monolithic materials may be used if they have inherent soil hiding characteristics that can be easily repaired without the repair being noticeable.
10.11.2.5 Joints
Joints should be small, flush, limited in number and using the best possible materials. Horizontal joints should not be raked but should be flush or tooled concave. Monolithic materials should have adequate control joints and expansion joints at the proper spacing in order to prevent surface cracking.
10.11.2.6 Cost
Materials shall be selected for long life, low maintenance, easy to replace and overall aesthetic and functional qualities.
10.11.2.7 Availability
Materials selected should be readily available. Domestic products shall be selected unless the product is not available within the country.
10.11.2.8 Proprietary Materials
Proprietary items shall only be used where it is established that no other materials would meet the particular design requirements.
10.11.2.9 Installation Standards
Materials shall be detailed and specified to be installed in accordance with industry standards and manufacturer’s printed directions.
10.11.2.10 Flammability
Interior finishes including doors/ windows shall meet requirements of the code and the fire/life safety requirement:
(i)Finishes for all protected exit ways shall be Class A as defined by NFPA 101. Platforms, mezzanines, corridors, stairways, and vestibules shall be considered exit ways;
(ii)finishes in all other areas shall be Class B as defined by NFPA 101; and
(iii) combustible adhesives and sealants may be used when they meet the requirements stated above.
10.11.3 Reference codes and standards
The following codes and standards shall be adopted:
(i)National Building Code;
(ii)Bureau of Indian Standards(BIS);
(iii)National Fire Protection Association;
(iv)ASTM Standards in Building Codes;
(v)International Standards Organization(ISO);
(vi)American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE);
(vii)American National Standards Institute(ANSI);
(viii)British Standards(BS);
(ix)American Architectural Manufacturers Association(AAMA); and
(x)NFPA Codes.