07-21-2021, 09:55 AM
Mayamatam मयमतम्
TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra
अथैकादशोऽध्यायः
Chapter 11 : The Number of Storeys and the Dimensions
[ भूलम्बविधानम् ]
'भूमिलम्बविधानं' तु वक्ष्ये संक्षेपतः क्रमात् । चतुरश्रमायता वर्तुलं च तदायतम् ॥ १ ॥
अष्टाश्रं च षडश्रं च द्वयश्रवृत्तं तथैव च । एतद् विन्यासभेदं स्यात् क्षयवृद्धिविधानतः ॥ २ ॥
भूमिलम्भमिति प्रोक्तं त्रिचतुर्हस्तमानतः । द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्यैकं भूमेर्मानं चतुष्टयम् ॥ ३ ॥
पञ्चषढस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । द्वितले तु चतुर्मानं रुद्रभानुकरान्तकम् ॥ ४ ॥
सप्ताष्टहस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । पञ्चदशविकारान्तं त्रितले पञ्चमानकम् ॥ ५॥
नवपङ्क्तिकराद् यावत् पक्षषोडशहस्तकम् । चतुष्पञ्चतलं प्रोक्तं चतुर्मानं सनातनम् ॥ ६॥
एकहस्तं द्विहस्तं वा क्षुद्रमेकतलं स्मृतम् । युग्मायुग्मकरैमनैर्हस्तार्धोनसमन्वितैः ॥ ७ ॥
केचिद् वदन्ति देवानां मानुषाणां विमानके । विस्तारे सप्तषट्पञ्चचतुस्त्र्यंशेऽधिकं त्रिभिः ॥ ८ ॥
शान्तिकं पौष्टिकं जयदमद्भुतं सार्वकामिकम् । उच्छ्रायं द्विगुणं पादार्धाधिकं चापि सम्मतम् ॥ ९ ॥
पञ्चदशकर व्यासाद्धीनं क्षुद्रविमानकम् । “सप्ताष्टाधिकपङ्क्त्यादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १०
आसप्ततेश्चतुर्भूम्यादीनि त्रीणि मतानि च । सप्तविंशतिभेदानि द्वादशान्तान्यनुक्रमात् ॥ ११ ॥
त्रिचतुर्विंशतिरत्नेर्यावच्छतकरान्तकम् । त्रित्रिहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु त्रिनवोत्सेधमिष्यते ॥ १२ ॥
एवमुत्कृष्टमानेषु” श्रेष्ठमध्याधमं भवेत् । त्रिचतुष्पङ्क्तिहस्तादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १३ ॥
पञ्चषट्षष्टिहस्तान्तं संख्यया पूर्वसंस्कृतिः” । चतुस्तलविमानादि" द्वादशान्तं विधीयते ॥ १४ ॥
सप्ताष्टपङ्क्तेरारभ्य त्रित्रिहस्तविवर्धनात्” । पञ्चषण्णवतिर्यावदुच्चं प्रागिव संख्यया ॥ १५॥
श्रेष्ठमध्यकनिष्ठं स्यादेवं मध्यक्रमेषु च । नवपङ्क्तिकरात् पञ्चषट्पञ्चाशत्करान्तकम् ॥ १६ ॥
द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु चतुर्विंशतिसंख्यया ।पञ्चादिद्वादशान्तानां हर्म्याणां विपुलं क्रमात्” ॥ १७ ॥
सप्ताष्टनवभूमानां धाम्नामुक्तप्रमाणतः । युञ्ज्याद् द्वादशभूम्यन्तं विमानं मानविद्वर: ॥ १८ ॥
द्विःषट्” त्रयोदशक्ष्मान्तषोडशक्ष्मं यथाक्रमम् । उषट्षट्षट्सप्तपञ्चाशद्धस्तव्यासैः शिवोदितम् ॥ १९ ॥
विस्तारं स्तम्भतो बाह्ये जन्मात्” स्थूप्यन्तमुन्नतम् । केचिदाशिखरान्तं तु प्रवदन्ति तदुनतम्” ॥ २० ॥
महतामुच्छ्रयो हस्तैरुद्देशः समुदाहृतः ।तत्तद्व्यासे तु सम्तांशे निर्देशोच्चं त्रियंशकैः ॥ २१ ॥
विस्तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं युक्त्याल्पेषु प्रयोजयेत् । देवानां सार्वभौमानामाद्वादशतलं विदुः ॥ २२ ॥
रक्षोगन्धर्वयक्षाणामेकादशतलं मतम् । विप्राणां नवभौमं स्याद् दशभौममथापि वा ॥ २३ ॥
युवराजस्य राज्ञश्च पञ्चमस्यैव सप्तभूः ॐ । तदाद्येकादशतलं षण्णां वै चक्रवर्तिनाम् ॥ २४ ॥
त्रिभूमं च चतुर्भूमं वणिजां शूद्रजन्मनाम् । राज्ञां पञ्चतलं वाऽपि मतं पट्टभृतां तु तत् ॥ २५ ॥
शतहस्तसमुत्सेधात् सप्तत्यारनिविस्तरात् । नेष्यतेऽधिकमानं तु सर्वथा तद्विचक्षणैः ॥ २६ ॥
क्षुद्राल्पमध्यमवरादिविमानकानां व्यामिश्रहस्तकयुजां विपुलोच्चभेदम् ।
युक्त्या यथोदितम¨जाद्यमरेश्वराणां नृणां तथैव कथितं हि मया पुराणैः ॥ २७ ॥
इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे भूलम्बविधानो नाम एकादशोऽध्यायः
THE NUMBER OF STOREYS AND THE DIMENSIONS
Now I give in full, and systematically, the rules relating to the number and dimensions of storeys. There are differences (between the buildings) due to the layout of the plan, according to whether it is square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octagonal, hexagonal or apsidal (Other variations) are due to increases or diminutions (in the number of storeys) and this is called bhimilamba.
There are four (possible) widths for single storeyed buildings, starting from three or four cubits and increasing successively by two cubits. For two storeyed buildings there are four (possible) widths, from five or six cubits to eleven or twelve with successive increments of two cubits There are five possible widths for three storeyed buildings, from seven or eight cubits to fifteen or sixteen by successive increments of two cubits. Going from nine or ten cubits to fifteen or sixteen' there are four (possible) widths for four and five storeyed buildings and so on. Lastly, it is stated that a very small single storeyed building measures one of two cubits.
Some say that in houses, divine or human, the measurements may be given in an odd or even number of cubits and that half a cubit may be added to or subtracted from (that prescribed number)"
The height is ten sevenths, nine sixths, eight fifths, seven fourths or six thirds the width (according to whether the buildings are of) säntika, paustika, jayada, adbbuta or särvakāmika (category); or, equally, the height may be double or one and a half times or one and a quarter times the width.
Buildings which are less than fifteen cubits wide are the 'small' buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to seventy by successive increments of two cubits, twenty-seven possible (widths) are obtained for buildings of four to twelve storeys with three (varieties for each of them).
Going from twenty-three or twenty-four cubits to one hundred by successive increments of three cubits, twenty-seven corresponding heights are obtained. This goes for the larger buildings of which there are three varieties: superior, medium and inferior.
Going from thirteen or fourteen cubits to sixty-five by successive in crements of two cubits, the same number (of widths) as above is obtained for four to twelve storey buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to ninety-five or ninety-six by successive increments of two cubits, the corresponding number of heights is obtained. There are three varieties (of each of these buildings which are medium sized); the superior, the medium and the inferior.
Going from nine or ten cubits to fifty-five or fifty-six by successive in crements of two cubits, twenty-four (possible) widths are obtained for buildings of five to twelve storeys (of inferior size).
He who is well versed in calculating proportions should construct buildings of (ten) to twelve storeys, with the aid of the proportions given for those which have seven, eight, or nine storeys. Temples with twelve, thirteen or, at most, sixteen storeys are, respectively, thirty-six, forty-two and fifty cubits wide and are consecrated to Siva.
The width is to be measured along the exterior face of the pillars and the height from the base up to the finial, yet some say that the height is measured (only) up to the top of the roof.
The heights of large buildings have been given in cubits and they should be ten sevenths the corresponding widths. Where small buildings are concerned the rule to be followed is that their height is double their width.
It is stated that buildings of up to twelve storeys are suitable for Särvabhauma gods, those with eleven (at most) are for Räksasa, Gandharva and Yaksa, those which have nine or ten (at most) are suitable for brahmins; fifthly, buildings with seven storeys are suitable for crown-princes and for kings, those which have from (seven) to eleven storeys are for universal monarchs; those which have three or four storeys are suitable for merchants and sudra and, lastly, those with five storeys are for pattabbrt,
Those who are knowers of the subject never plan constructions of more than one hundred cubits in height and seventy cubits in width.
I have expounded the different heights and widths fitting for very small, small, medium and large buildings according to the ancients; I have expressed these dimensions in different numbers of cubits and I have indicated for whom these buildings are intended according to the rule: that is, for the lords of the immortals of whom the first is Aja, and for men.
Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eleventh chapter: RULES FOR THE NUMBER OF STOREYS.
TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra
अथैकादशोऽध्यायः
Chapter 11 : The Number of Storeys and the Dimensions
[ भूलम्बविधानम् ]
'भूमिलम्बविधानं' तु वक्ष्ये संक्षेपतः क्रमात् । चतुरश्रमायता वर्तुलं च तदायतम् ॥ १ ॥
अष्टाश्रं च षडश्रं च द्वयश्रवृत्तं तथैव च । एतद् विन्यासभेदं स्यात् क्षयवृद्धिविधानतः ॥ २ ॥
भूमिलम्भमिति प्रोक्तं त्रिचतुर्हस्तमानतः । द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्यैकं भूमेर्मानं चतुष्टयम् ॥ ३ ॥
पञ्चषढस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । द्वितले तु चतुर्मानं रुद्रभानुकरान्तकम् ॥ ४ ॥
सप्ताष्टहस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । पञ्चदशविकारान्तं त्रितले पञ्चमानकम् ॥ ५॥
नवपङ्क्तिकराद् यावत् पक्षषोडशहस्तकम् । चतुष्पञ्चतलं प्रोक्तं चतुर्मानं सनातनम् ॥ ६॥
एकहस्तं द्विहस्तं वा क्षुद्रमेकतलं स्मृतम् । युग्मायुग्मकरैमनैर्हस्तार्धोनसमन्वितैः ॥ ७ ॥
केचिद् वदन्ति देवानां मानुषाणां विमानके । विस्तारे सप्तषट्पञ्चचतुस्त्र्यंशेऽधिकं त्रिभिः ॥ ८ ॥
शान्तिकं पौष्टिकं जयदमद्भुतं सार्वकामिकम् । उच्छ्रायं द्विगुणं पादार्धाधिकं चापि सम्मतम् ॥ ९ ॥
पञ्चदशकर व्यासाद्धीनं क्षुद्रविमानकम् । “सप्ताष्टाधिकपङ्क्त्यादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १०
आसप्ततेश्चतुर्भूम्यादीनि त्रीणि मतानि च । सप्तविंशतिभेदानि द्वादशान्तान्यनुक्रमात् ॥ ११ ॥
त्रिचतुर्विंशतिरत्नेर्यावच्छतकरान्तकम् । त्रित्रिहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु त्रिनवोत्सेधमिष्यते ॥ १२ ॥
एवमुत्कृष्टमानेषु” श्रेष्ठमध्याधमं भवेत् । त्रिचतुष्पङ्क्तिहस्तादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १३ ॥
पञ्चषट्षष्टिहस्तान्तं संख्यया पूर्वसंस्कृतिः” । चतुस्तलविमानादि" द्वादशान्तं विधीयते ॥ १४ ॥
सप्ताष्टपङ्क्तेरारभ्य त्रित्रिहस्तविवर्धनात्” । पञ्चषण्णवतिर्यावदुच्चं प्रागिव संख्यया ॥ १५॥
श्रेष्ठमध्यकनिष्ठं स्यादेवं मध्यक्रमेषु च । नवपङ्क्तिकरात् पञ्चषट्पञ्चाशत्करान्तकम् ॥ १६ ॥
द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु चतुर्विंशतिसंख्यया ।पञ्चादिद्वादशान्तानां हर्म्याणां विपुलं क्रमात्” ॥ १७ ॥
सप्ताष्टनवभूमानां धाम्नामुक्तप्रमाणतः । युञ्ज्याद् द्वादशभूम्यन्तं विमानं मानविद्वर: ॥ १८ ॥
द्विःषट्” त्रयोदशक्ष्मान्तषोडशक्ष्मं यथाक्रमम् । उषट्षट्षट्सप्तपञ्चाशद्धस्तव्यासैः शिवोदितम् ॥ १९ ॥
विस्तारं स्तम्भतो बाह्ये जन्मात्” स्थूप्यन्तमुन्नतम् । केचिदाशिखरान्तं तु प्रवदन्ति तदुनतम्” ॥ २० ॥
महतामुच्छ्रयो हस्तैरुद्देशः समुदाहृतः ।तत्तद्व्यासे तु सम्तांशे निर्देशोच्चं त्रियंशकैः ॥ २१ ॥
विस्तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं युक्त्याल्पेषु प्रयोजयेत् । देवानां सार्वभौमानामाद्वादशतलं विदुः ॥ २२ ॥
रक्षोगन्धर्वयक्षाणामेकादशतलं मतम् । विप्राणां नवभौमं स्याद् दशभौममथापि वा ॥ २३ ॥
युवराजस्य राज्ञश्च पञ्चमस्यैव सप्तभूः ॐ । तदाद्येकादशतलं षण्णां वै चक्रवर्तिनाम् ॥ २४ ॥
त्रिभूमं च चतुर्भूमं वणिजां शूद्रजन्मनाम् । राज्ञां पञ्चतलं वाऽपि मतं पट्टभृतां तु तत् ॥ २५ ॥
शतहस्तसमुत्सेधात् सप्तत्यारनिविस्तरात् । नेष्यतेऽधिकमानं तु सर्वथा तद्विचक्षणैः ॥ २६ ॥
क्षुद्राल्पमध्यमवरादिविमानकानां व्यामिश्रहस्तकयुजां विपुलोच्चभेदम् ।
युक्त्या यथोदितम¨जाद्यमरेश्वराणां नृणां तथैव कथितं हि मया पुराणैः ॥ २७ ॥
इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे भूलम्बविधानो नाम एकादशोऽध्यायः
THE NUMBER OF STOREYS AND THE DIMENSIONS
Now I give in full, and systematically, the rules relating to the number and dimensions of storeys. There are differences (between the buildings) due to the layout of the plan, according to whether it is square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octagonal, hexagonal or apsidal (Other variations) are due to increases or diminutions (in the number of storeys) and this is called bhimilamba.
There are four (possible) widths for single storeyed buildings, starting from three or four cubits and increasing successively by two cubits. For two storeyed buildings there are four (possible) widths, from five or six cubits to eleven or twelve with successive increments of two cubits There are five possible widths for three storeyed buildings, from seven or eight cubits to fifteen or sixteen by successive increments of two cubits. Going from nine or ten cubits to fifteen or sixteen' there are four (possible) widths for four and five storeyed buildings and so on. Lastly, it is stated that a very small single storeyed building measures one of two cubits.
Some say that in houses, divine or human, the measurements may be given in an odd or even number of cubits and that half a cubit may be added to or subtracted from (that prescribed number)"
The height is ten sevenths, nine sixths, eight fifths, seven fourths or six thirds the width (according to whether the buildings are of) säntika, paustika, jayada, adbbuta or särvakāmika (category); or, equally, the height may be double or one and a half times or one and a quarter times the width.
Buildings which are less than fifteen cubits wide are the 'small' buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to seventy by successive increments of two cubits, twenty-seven possible (widths) are obtained for buildings of four to twelve storeys with three (varieties for each of them).
Going from twenty-three or twenty-four cubits to one hundred by successive increments of three cubits, twenty-seven corresponding heights are obtained. This goes for the larger buildings of which there are three varieties: superior, medium and inferior.
Going from thirteen or fourteen cubits to sixty-five by successive in crements of two cubits, the same number (of widths) as above is obtained for four to twelve storey buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to ninety-five or ninety-six by successive increments of two cubits, the corresponding number of heights is obtained. There are three varieties (of each of these buildings which are medium sized); the superior, the medium and the inferior.
Going from nine or ten cubits to fifty-five or fifty-six by successive in crements of two cubits, twenty-four (possible) widths are obtained for buildings of five to twelve storeys (of inferior size).
He who is well versed in calculating proportions should construct buildings of (ten) to twelve storeys, with the aid of the proportions given for those which have seven, eight, or nine storeys. Temples with twelve, thirteen or, at most, sixteen storeys are, respectively, thirty-six, forty-two and fifty cubits wide and are consecrated to Siva.
The width is to be measured along the exterior face of the pillars and the height from the base up to the finial, yet some say that the height is measured (only) up to the top of the roof.
The heights of large buildings have been given in cubits and they should be ten sevenths the corresponding widths. Where small buildings are concerned the rule to be followed is that their height is double their width.
It is stated that buildings of up to twelve storeys are suitable for Särvabhauma gods, those with eleven (at most) are for Räksasa, Gandharva and Yaksa, those which have nine or ten (at most) are suitable for brahmins; fifthly, buildings with seven storeys are suitable for crown-princes and for kings, those which have from (seven) to eleven storeys are for universal monarchs; those which have three or four storeys are suitable for merchants and sudra and, lastly, those with five storeys are for pattabbrt,
Those who are knowers of the subject never plan constructions of more than one hundred cubits in height and seventy cubits in width.
I have expounded the different heights and widths fitting for very small, small, medium and large buildings according to the ancients; I have expressed these dimensions in different numbers of cubits and I have indicated for whom these buildings are intended according to the rule: that is, for the lords of the immortals of whom the first is Aja, and for men.
Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eleventh chapter: RULES FOR THE NUMBER OF STOREYS.