[C M Dordi]

Concrete gets fluidised or attains high workability when plasticizers or superplasticizers are used. To achieve a homogeneous distribution of water and optimal utilisation of the cement particles, water get dispersed and flocculation is prevented due to the following effects :

Reduction of surface tension of water and lubrication of the film between the cement particles .
The induced electrostatic repulsion due to absorption of charged polymer on the cement particles causes dispersion of cement grains
and releases the trapped water from the cement floes.
Steric hindrance prevents particle-to-particle contact.
Change in morphology of hydration product.
Retardation due to the inhibition of the hydration reaction of cement particles leavs more water to plasticize the mix.