<![CDATA[Front Desk Architects and Planners Forum - Vastu sastra वास्तु शास्त्र ]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/ Fri, 23 Oct 2026 04:03:40 +0000 MyBB <![CDATA[Spiritual Architecture- Foundation of Divine]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3918 Wed, 01 Jan 2025 06:43:51 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3918 SPIRITUAL ARCHITECTURE- FOUNDATION OF THE DIVINE BRIDGING ANCIENT VASTUSASTRA AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE

"Spiritual Architecture - Foundation of the Divine" merges ancient Vastu Shastra with modern design, aligning sacred geometry with contemporary architecture. This fusion
creates spaces that promote both functionality and spiritual harmony. It connects timeless wisdom with the present, infusing buildings with divine balance.

Call for Papers, organized by Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 

KEY TOPICS 
  • Foundation of Vastusastra : History,Philosophy and Core Principles. 
  • Sacred Geometry in Ancient and Modern Architecture. 
  • Sustainability Through Vastusastra : Eco Friendly Design Approaches. 
  • Vastusastra and Well Being: Designing for Physical and Mental Health 
  • Modern Interpretation of Temple Architecture 
  • Vastusastra Approach to Building Orientation and Materials. 
  • Challenges and Opportunities in integrating Vastusastra with Modern Building Codes.

DEADLINE OF FULL PAPER SUBMISSION - 05.01.2025
SUBMIT YOUR PAPER - icssr2244@gmail.com
for more detail... 
.pdf SAAVA flyer.pdf Size: 2.97 MB  Downloads: 3

register as member and login to download attachment [pdf] 
use for Educational Purposes Only .]]> SPIRITUAL ARCHITECTURE- FOUNDATION OF THE DIVINE BRIDGING ANCIENT VASTUSASTRA AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE

"Spiritual Architecture - Foundation of the Divine" merges ancient Vastu Shastra with modern design, aligning sacred geometry with contemporary architecture. This fusion
creates spaces that promote both functionality and spiritual harmony. It connects timeless wisdom with the present, infusing buildings with divine balance.

Call for Papers, organized by Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 

KEY TOPICS 
  • Foundation of Vastusastra : History,Philosophy and Core Principles. 
  • Sacred Geometry in Ancient and Modern Architecture. 
  • Sustainability Through Vastusastra : Eco Friendly Design Approaches. 
  • Vastusastra and Well Being: Designing for Physical and Mental Health 
  • Modern Interpretation of Temple Architecture 
  • Vastusastra Approach to Building Orientation and Materials. 
  • Challenges and Opportunities in integrating Vastusastra with Modern Building Codes.

DEADLINE OF FULL PAPER SUBMISSION - 05.01.2025
SUBMIT YOUR PAPER - icssr2244@gmail.com
for more detail... 
.pdf SAAVA flyer.pdf Size: 2.97 MB  Downloads: 3

register as member and login to download attachment [pdf] 
use for Educational Purposes Only .]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-12 The Foundation Deposit]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3173 Wed, 21 Jul 2021 10:06:02 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3173 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


द्वादशोऽध्यायः
chapter-12 The Foundation Deposit

[ गर्भविन्यासः ]

तैतिलानां द्विजातीनां वर्णानां हर्म्यके गृहे' । गर्भन्यासविधिः' सम्यक् संक्षेपाद् वक्ष्यतेऽधुना ॥ १ ॥ 


सर्वद्रव्यैस्तु सम्पन्नं गर्भं तत् सम्पदां पदम् । द्रव्यहीनमसम्पन्नं गर्भं सर्वविपत्करम् ॥ २ ॥ 

तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन गर्भं सम्यग् विनिक्षिपेत् । गर्भश्वभ्रस्य गाम्भीर्यं स्वाधिष्ठानोन्नते समम् ॥ ३ ॥ 

चतुरश्रसमं कुर्यात् गर्तमिष्टकयाश्मना । आपूर्य सलिलं तस्य मूले सर्वमृदं क्षिपेत् ॥ ४ ॥

निम्नगाह्रद सस्याद्रिवल्मीक कुलिरावटे । हलस्थलाब्धिगोशृङ्गहस्तिदन्तेषु मृत्तिका ॥ ५ ॥

तदूर्ध्वं तस्य मध्ये तु पद्मकन्दं न्यसेत् पुनः । पूर्वे चोत्पलकन्दं च दक्षिणे कौमुदं क्षिपेत् ॥ ६ ॥

सौगन्धिं पश्चिमे विद्यात् "नीललोहमुदग्दिशि । धान्यान्यष्टौ तदूर्ध्वं तु शालिव्रीहिश्च कोद्रवः ॥ ७ ॥ 

कङ्कु मुद्गं च माषं च कुलत्थं च तिलं तथा। प्रादक्षिण्येन शाल्यादीनीशानादिषु विन्यसेत्॥ ८ ॥



THE FOUNDATION DEPOSIT

In a few words, but precisely, I present the rules relating to the placing of the foundation deposit in the temples of gods and in the houses of the twice-born classes. A foundation deposit with all the components (prescribed) is a source of success; an incomplete deposit or the absence of anyone component leads to failure; this is why the foundation deposit should be set in place with the utmost care and without error.

The depth of the pit meant for the deposit is to be equal to the height of the base of the building concerned. (The pit) is square and lined with bricks and stones. After it has been filled with water its bottom should be covered with every sort of earth: from a river, from a pond, from a wheat (field), from a mountain, an anthill, a crab's hole, from the ploughshare, from the horn of a bull or of a buffalo and from an elephant's tusk.

Next should be arranged on that: a root of padma in the middle, one of utpala in the east, one of kumuda in the south, one of saugandhi in the west and one of nilaloba in the north. The eight grains are placed above that: śāli, vrihi, kodrava, kanku, mudga, mâșa, kulattha and tila; the arrangement is made according to the pradakṣiṇa taking śāli in the north-east as the starting point.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


द्वादशोऽध्यायः
chapter-12 The Foundation Deposit

[ गर्भविन्यासः ]

तैतिलानां द्विजातीनां वर्णानां हर्म्यके गृहे' । गर्भन्यासविधिः' सम्यक् संक्षेपाद् वक्ष्यतेऽधुना ॥ १ ॥ 


सर्वद्रव्यैस्तु सम्पन्नं गर्भं तत् सम्पदां पदम् । द्रव्यहीनमसम्पन्नं गर्भं सर्वविपत्करम् ॥ २ ॥ 

तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन गर्भं सम्यग् विनिक्षिपेत् । गर्भश्वभ्रस्य गाम्भीर्यं स्वाधिष्ठानोन्नते समम् ॥ ३ ॥ 

चतुरश्रसमं कुर्यात् गर्तमिष्टकयाश्मना । आपूर्य सलिलं तस्य मूले सर्वमृदं क्षिपेत् ॥ ४ ॥

निम्नगाह्रद सस्याद्रिवल्मीक कुलिरावटे । हलस्थलाब्धिगोशृङ्गहस्तिदन्तेषु मृत्तिका ॥ ५ ॥

तदूर्ध्वं तस्य मध्ये तु पद्मकन्दं न्यसेत् पुनः । पूर्वे चोत्पलकन्दं च दक्षिणे कौमुदं क्षिपेत् ॥ ६ ॥

सौगन्धिं पश्चिमे विद्यात् "नीललोहमुदग्दिशि । धान्यान्यष्टौ तदूर्ध्वं तु शालिव्रीहिश्च कोद्रवः ॥ ७ ॥ 

कङ्कु मुद्गं च माषं च कुलत्थं च तिलं तथा। प्रादक्षिण्येन शाल्यादीनीशानादिषु विन्यसेत्॥ ८ ॥



THE FOUNDATION DEPOSIT

In a few words, but precisely, I present the rules relating to the placing of the foundation deposit in the temples of gods and in the houses of the twice-born classes. A foundation deposit with all the components (prescribed) is a source of success; an incomplete deposit or the absence of anyone component leads to failure; this is why the foundation deposit should be set in place with the utmost care and without error.

The depth of the pit meant for the deposit is to be equal to the height of the base of the building concerned. (The pit) is square and lined with bricks and stones. After it has been filled with water its bottom should be covered with every sort of earth: from a river, from a pond, from a wheat (field), from a mountain, an anthill, a crab's hole, from the ploughshare, from the horn of a bull or of a buffalo and from an elephant's tusk.

Next should be arranged on that: a root of padma in the middle, one of utpala in the east, one of kumuda in the south, one of saugandhi in the west and one of nilaloba in the north. The eight grains are placed above that: śāli, vrihi, kodrava, kanku, mudga, mâșa, kulattha and tila; the arrangement is made according to the pradakṣiṇa taking śāli in the north-east as the starting point.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-11 : The Number of Storeys and the Dimensions]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3172 Wed, 21 Jul 2021 09:55:11 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3172 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


अथैकादशोऽध्यायः
Chapter 11 : The Number of Storeys and the Dimensions  

[ भूलम्बविधानम् ]

'भूमिलम्बविधानं' तु वक्ष्ये संक्षेपतः क्रमात् । चतुरश्रमायता वर्तुलं च तदायतम् ॥ १ ॥
 
अष्टाश्रं च षडश्रं च द्वयश्रवृत्तं तथैव च । एतद् विन्यासभेदं स्यात् क्षयवृद्धिविधानतः ॥ २ ॥ 

भूमिलम्भमिति प्रोक्तं त्रिचतुर्हस्तमानतः । द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्यैकं भूमेर्मानं चतुष्टयम् ॥ ३ ॥

पञ्चषढस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । द्वितले तु चतुर्मानं रुद्रभानुकरान्तकम् ॥ ४ ॥ 

सप्ताष्टहस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । पञ्चदशविकारान्तं त्रितले पञ्चमानकम् ॥ ५॥ 

नवपङ्क्तिकराद् यावत् पक्षषोडशहस्तकम् । चतुष्पञ्चतलं प्रोक्तं चतुर्मानं सनातनम् ॥ ६॥ 

एकहस्तं द्विहस्तं वा क्षुद्रमेकतलं स्मृतम् । युग्मायुग्मकरैमनैर्हस्तार्धोनसमन्वितैः ॥ ७ ॥ 

केचिद् वदन्ति देवानां मानुषाणां विमानके । विस्तारे सप्तषट्पञ्चचतुस्त्र्यंशेऽधिकं त्रिभिः ॥ ८ ॥


शान्तिकं पौष्टिकं जयदमद्भुतं सार्वकामिकम् । उच्छ्रायं द्विगुणं पादार्धाधिकं चापि सम्मतम् ॥ ९ ॥

पञ्चदशकर व्यासाद्धीनं क्षुद्रविमानकम् । “सप्ताष्टाधिकपङ्क्त्यादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १०

आसप्ततेश्चतुर्भूम्यादीनि त्रीणि मतानि च । सप्तविंशतिभेदानि द्वादशान्तान्यनुक्रमात् ॥ ११ ॥

त्रिचतुर्विंशतिरत्नेर्यावच्छतकरान्तकम् । त्रित्रिहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु त्रिनवोत्सेधमिष्यते ॥ १२ ॥

एवमुत्कृष्टमानेषु” श्रेष्ठमध्याधमं भवेत् । त्रिचतुष्पङ्क्तिहस्तादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १३ ॥
 
पञ्चषट्षष्टिहस्तान्तं संख्यया पूर्वसंस्कृतिः” । चतुस्तलविमानादि" द्वादशान्तं विधीयते ॥ १४ ॥

सप्ताष्टपङ्क्तेरारभ्य त्रित्रिहस्तविवर्धनात्” । पञ्चषण्णवतिर्यावदुच्चं प्रागिव संख्यया ॥ १५॥

श्रेष्ठमध्यकनिष्ठं स्यादेवं मध्यक्रमेषु च । नवपङ्क्तिकरात् पञ्चषट्पञ्चाशत्करान्तकम् ॥ १६ ॥

द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु चतुर्विंशतिसंख्यया ।पञ्चादिद्वादशान्तानां हर्म्याणां विपुलं क्रमात्” ॥ १७ ॥

सप्ताष्टनवभूमानां धाम्नामुक्तप्रमाणतः । युञ्ज्याद् द्वादशभूम्यन्तं विमानं मानविद्वर: ॥ १८ ॥ 

द्विःषट्” त्रयोदशक्ष्मान्तषोडशक्ष्मं यथाक्रमम् । उषट्षट्षट्सप्तपञ्चाशद्धस्तव्यासैः शिवोदितम् ॥ १९ ॥ 

विस्तारं स्तम्भतो बाह्ये जन्मात्” स्थूप्यन्तमुन्नतम् । केचिदाशिखरान्तं तु प्रवदन्ति तदुनतम्” ॥ २० ॥ 

 महतामुच्छ्रयो हस्तैरुद्देशः समुदाहृतः ।तत्तद्व्यासे तु सम्तांशे निर्देशोच्चं त्रियंशकैः ॥ २१ ॥
 
विस्तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं युक्त्याल्पेषु प्रयोजयेत् । देवानां सार्वभौमानामाद्वादशतलं विदुः ॥ २२ ॥ 

रक्षोगन्धर्वयक्षाणामेकादशतलं मतम् । विप्राणां नवभौमं स्याद् दशभौममथापि वा ॥ २३ ॥

युवराजस्य राज्ञश्च पञ्चमस्यैव सप्तभूः ॐ ।  तदाद्येकादशतलं षण्णां वै चक्रवर्तिनाम् ॥ २४ ॥

त्रिभूमं च चतुर्भूमं वणिजां शूद्रजन्मनाम् । राज्ञां पञ्चतलं वाऽपि मतं पट्टभृतां तु तत् ॥ २५ ॥

शतहस्तसमुत्सेधात् सप्तत्यारनिविस्तरात् । नेष्यतेऽधिकमानं तु सर्वथा तद्विचक्षणैः ॥ २६ ॥ 

क्षुद्राल्पमध्यमवरादिविमानकानां व्यामिश्रहस्तकयुजां विपुलोच्चभेदम् । 
युक्त्या यथोदितम¨जाद्यमरेश्वराणां नृणां तथैव कथितं हि मया पुराणैः ॥ २७ ॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे भूलम्बविधानो नाम एकादशोऽध्यायः

THE NUMBER OF STOREYS AND THE DIMENSIONS

Now I give in full, and systematically, the rules relating to the number and dimensions of storeys. There are differences (between the buildings) due to the layout of the plan, according to whether it is square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octagonal, hexagonal or apsidal (Other variations) are due to increases or diminutions (in the number of storeys) and this is called bhimilamba.

There are four (possible) widths for single storeyed buildings, starting from three or four cubits and increasing successively by two cubits. For two storeyed buildings there are four (possible) widths, from five or six cubits to eleven or twelve with successive increments of two cubits There are five possible widths for three storeyed buildings, from seven or eight cubits to fifteen or sixteen by successive increments of two cubits. Going from nine or ten cubits to fifteen or sixteen' there are four (possible) widths for four and five storeyed buildings and so on. Lastly, it is stated that a very small single storeyed building measures one of two cubits.

Some say that in houses, divine or human, the measurements may be given in an odd or even number of cubits and that half a cubit may be added to or subtracted from (that prescribed number)"

The height is ten sevenths, nine sixths, eight fifths, seven fourths or six thirds the width (according to whether the buildings are of) säntika, paustika, jayada, adbbuta or särvakāmika (category); or, equally, the height may be double or one and a half times or one and a quarter times the width.

Buildings which are less than fifteen cubits wide are the 'small' buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to seventy by successive increments of two cubits, twenty-seven possible (widths) are obtained for buildings of four to twelve storeys with three (varieties for each of them).

Going from twenty-three or twenty-four cubits to one hundred by successive increments of three cubits, twenty-seven corresponding heights are obtained. This goes for the larger buildings of which there are three varieties: superior, medium and inferior.

 Going from thirteen or fourteen cubits to sixty-five by successive in crements of two cubits, the same number (of widths) as above is obtained for four to twelve storey buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to ninety-five or ninety-six by successive increments of two cubits, the corresponding number of heights is obtained. There are three varieties (of each of these buildings which are medium sized); the superior, the medium and the inferior.

Going from nine or ten cubits to fifty-five or fifty-six by successive in crements of two cubits, twenty-four (possible) widths are obtained for buildings of five to twelve storeys (of inferior size).

He who is well versed in calculating proportions should construct buildings of (ten) to twelve storeys, with the aid of the proportions given for those which have seven, eight, or nine storeys. Temples with twelve, thirteen or, at most, sixteen storeys are, respectively, thirty-six, forty-two and fifty cubits wide and are consecrated to Siva.

The width is to be measured along the exterior face of the pillars and the height from the base up to the finial, yet some say that the height is measured (only) up to the top of the roof.

The heights of large buildings have been given in cubits and they should be ten sevenths the corresponding widths. Where small buildings are concerned the rule to be followed is that their height is double their width. 

It is stated that buildings of up to twelve storeys are suitable for Särvabhauma gods, those with eleven (at most) are for Räksasa, Gandharva and Yaksa, those which have nine or ten (at most) are suitable for brahmins; fifthly, buildings with seven storeys are suitable for crown-princes and for kings, those which have from (seven) to eleven storeys are for universal monarchs; those which have three or four storeys are suitable for merchants and sudra and, lastly, those with five storeys are for pattabbrt,

Those who are knowers of the subject never plan constructions of more than one hundred cubits in height and seventy cubits in width.

I have expounded the different heights and widths fitting for very small, small, medium and large buildings according to the ancients; I have expressed these dimensions in different numbers of cubits and I have indicated for whom these buildings are intended according to the rule: that is, for the lords of the immortals of whom the first is Aja, and for men.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eleventh chapter: RULES FOR THE NUMBER OF STOREYS.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


अथैकादशोऽध्यायः
Chapter 11 : The Number of Storeys and the Dimensions  

[ भूलम्बविधानम् ]

'भूमिलम्बविधानं' तु वक्ष्ये संक्षेपतः क्रमात् । चतुरश्रमायता वर्तुलं च तदायतम् ॥ १ ॥
 
अष्टाश्रं च षडश्रं च द्वयश्रवृत्तं तथैव च । एतद् विन्यासभेदं स्यात् क्षयवृद्धिविधानतः ॥ २ ॥ 

भूमिलम्भमिति प्रोक्तं त्रिचतुर्हस्तमानतः । द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्यैकं भूमेर्मानं चतुष्टयम् ॥ ३ ॥

पञ्चषढस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । द्वितले तु चतुर्मानं रुद्रभानुकरान्तकम् ॥ ४ ॥ 

सप्ताष्टहस्तमारभ्य द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् । पञ्चदशविकारान्तं त्रितले पञ्चमानकम् ॥ ५॥ 

नवपङ्क्तिकराद् यावत् पक्षषोडशहस्तकम् । चतुष्पञ्चतलं प्रोक्तं चतुर्मानं सनातनम् ॥ ६॥ 

एकहस्तं द्विहस्तं वा क्षुद्रमेकतलं स्मृतम् । युग्मायुग्मकरैमनैर्हस्तार्धोनसमन्वितैः ॥ ७ ॥ 

केचिद् वदन्ति देवानां मानुषाणां विमानके । विस्तारे सप्तषट्पञ्चचतुस्त्र्यंशेऽधिकं त्रिभिः ॥ ८ ॥


शान्तिकं पौष्टिकं जयदमद्भुतं सार्वकामिकम् । उच्छ्रायं द्विगुणं पादार्धाधिकं चापि सम्मतम् ॥ ९ ॥

पञ्चदशकर व्यासाद्धीनं क्षुद्रविमानकम् । “सप्ताष्टाधिकपङ्क्त्यादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १०

आसप्ततेश्चतुर्भूम्यादीनि त्रीणि मतानि च । सप्तविंशतिभेदानि द्वादशान्तान्यनुक्रमात् ॥ ११ ॥

त्रिचतुर्विंशतिरत्नेर्यावच्छतकरान्तकम् । त्रित्रिहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु त्रिनवोत्सेधमिष्यते ॥ १२ ॥

एवमुत्कृष्टमानेषु” श्रेष्ठमध्याधमं भवेत् । त्रिचतुष्पङ्क्तिहस्तादि द्विद्विहस्तविवर्धनात् ॥ १३ ॥
 
पञ्चषट्षष्टिहस्तान्तं संख्यया पूर्वसंस्कृतिः” । चतुस्तलविमानादि" द्वादशान्तं विधीयते ॥ १४ ॥

सप्ताष्टपङ्क्तेरारभ्य त्रित्रिहस्तविवर्धनात्” । पञ्चषण्णवतिर्यावदुच्चं प्रागिव संख्यया ॥ १५॥

श्रेष्ठमध्यकनिष्ठं स्यादेवं मध्यक्रमेषु च । नवपङ्क्तिकरात् पञ्चषट्पञ्चाशत्करान्तकम् ॥ १६ ॥

द्विद्विहस्तविवृद्ध्या तु चतुर्विंशतिसंख्यया ।पञ्चादिद्वादशान्तानां हर्म्याणां विपुलं क्रमात्” ॥ १७ ॥

सप्ताष्टनवभूमानां धाम्नामुक्तप्रमाणतः । युञ्ज्याद् द्वादशभूम्यन्तं विमानं मानविद्वर: ॥ १८ ॥ 

द्विःषट्” त्रयोदशक्ष्मान्तषोडशक्ष्मं यथाक्रमम् । उषट्षट्षट्सप्तपञ्चाशद्धस्तव्यासैः शिवोदितम् ॥ १९ ॥ 

विस्तारं स्तम्भतो बाह्ये जन्मात्” स्थूप्यन्तमुन्नतम् । केचिदाशिखरान्तं तु प्रवदन्ति तदुनतम्” ॥ २० ॥ 

 महतामुच्छ्रयो हस्तैरुद्देशः समुदाहृतः ।तत्तद्व्यासे तु सम्तांशे निर्देशोच्चं त्रियंशकैः ॥ २१ ॥
 
विस्तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं युक्त्याल्पेषु प्रयोजयेत् । देवानां सार्वभौमानामाद्वादशतलं विदुः ॥ २२ ॥ 

रक्षोगन्धर्वयक्षाणामेकादशतलं मतम् । विप्राणां नवभौमं स्याद् दशभौममथापि वा ॥ २३ ॥

युवराजस्य राज्ञश्च पञ्चमस्यैव सप्तभूः ॐ ।  तदाद्येकादशतलं षण्णां वै चक्रवर्तिनाम् ॥ २४ ॥

त्रिभूमं च चतुर्भूमं वणिजां शूद्रजन्मनाम् । राज्ञां पञ्चतलं वाऽपि मतं पट्टभृतां तु तत् ॥ २५ ॥

शतहस्तसमुत्सेधात् सप्तत्यारनिविस्तरात् । नेष्यतेऽधिकमानं तु सर्वथा तद्विचक्षणैः ॥ २६ ॥ 

क्षुद्राल्पमध्यमवरादिविमानकानां व्यामिश्रहस्तकयुजां विपुलोच्चभेदम् । 
युक्त्या यथोदितम¨जाद्यमरेश्वराणां नृणां तथैव कथितं हि मया पुराणैः ॥ २७ ॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे भूलम्बविधानो नाम एकादशोऽध्यायः

THE NUMBER OF STOREYS AND THE DIMENSIONS

Now I give in full, and systematically, the rules relating to the number and dimensions of storeys. There are differences (between the buildings) due to the layout of the plan, according to whether it is square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octagonal, hexagonal or apsidal (Other variations) are due to increases or diminutions (in the number of storeys) and this is called bhimilamba.

There are four (possible) widths for single storeyed buildings, starting from three or four cubits and increasing successively by two cubits. For two storeyed buildings there are four (possible) widths, from five or six cubits to eleven or twelve with successive increments of two cubits There are five possible widths for three storeyed buildings, from seven or eight cubits to fifteen or sixteen by successive increments of two cubits. Going from nine or ten cubits to fifteen or sixteen' there are four (possible) widths for four and five storeyed buildings and so on. Lastly, it is stated that a very small single storeyed building measures one of two cubits.

Some say that in houses, divine or human, the measurements may be given in an odd or even number of cubits and that half a cubit may be added to or subtracted from (that prescribed number)"

The height is ten sevenths, nine sixths, eight fifths, seven fourths or six thirds the width (according to whether the buildings are of) säntika, paustika, jayada, adbbuta or särvakāmika (category); or, equally, the height may be double or one and a half times or one and a quarter times the width.

Buildings which are less than fifteen cubits wide are the 'small' buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to seventy by successive increments of two cubits, twenty-seven possible (widths) are obtained for buildings of four to twelve storeys with three (varieties for each of them).

Going from twenty-three or twenty-four cubits to one hundred by successive increments of three cubits, twenty-seven corresponding heights are obtained. This goes for the larger buildings of which there are three varieties: superior, medium and inferior.

 Going from thirteen or fourteen cubits to sixty-five by successive in crements of two cubits, the same number (of widths) as above is obtained for four to twelve storey buildings. Going from seventeen or eighteen cubits to ninety-five or ninety-six by successive increments of two cubits, the corresponding number of heights is obtained. There are three varieties (of each of these buildings which are medium sized); the superior, the medium and the inferior.

Going from nine or ten cubits to fifty-five or fifty-six by successive in crements of two cubits, twenty-four (possible) widths are obtained for buildings of five to twelve storeys (of inferior size).

He who is well versed in calculating proportions should construct buildings of (ten) to twelve storeys, with the aid of the proportions given for those which have seven, eight, or nine storeys. Temples with twelve, thirteen or, at most, sixteen storeys are, respectively, thirty-six, forty-two and fifty cubits wide and are consecrated to Siva.

The width is to be measured along the exterior face of the pillars and the height from the base up to the finial, yet some say that the height is measured (only) up to the top of the roof.

The heights of large buildings have been given in cubits and they should be ten sevenths the corresponding widths. Where small buildings are concerned the rule to be followed is that their height is double their width. 

It is stated that buildings of up to twelve storeys are suitable for Särvabhauma gods, those with eleven (at most) are for Räksasa, Gandharva and Yaksa, those which have nine or ten (at most) are suitable for brahmins; fifthly, buildings with seven storeys are suitable for crown-princes and for kings, those which have from (seven) to eleven storeys are for universal monarchs; those which have three or four storeys are suitable for merchants and sudra and, lastly, those with five storeys are for pattabbrt,

Those who are knowers of the subject never plan constructions of more than one hundred cubits in height and seventy cubits in width.

I have expounded the different heights and widths fitting for very small, small, medium and large buildings according to the ancients; I have expressed these dimensions in different numbers of cubits and I have indicated for whom these buildings are intended according to the rule: that is, for the lords of the immortals of whom the first is Aja, and for men.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eleventh chapter: RULES FOR THE NUMBER OF STOREYS.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-10D अन्तरापणम् : Bazaars]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3171 Tue, 20 Jul 2021 10:16:57 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3171 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


[ अन्तरापणम् ]

तत्र कुटुम्बावलिकं वक्ष्येऽहं चान्तरापणकम् ।। ७७ ।।

परितो रथपथयुक्तं मध्ये वणिजां गृहश्रेणी । तद्दक्षिणतः पार्श्वे गेहं स्यात् तन्तुवायानाम् ।। ७८ ।। 

 उत्तरतस्तद्वासावलिकं स्याच्चक्रिकाणां तु । कर्मोपजीविनां स्याद् वासं रथपथ्यनेकानाम् ॥ ७९ ॥
 ब्रह्मावृतपथमेकं तत्रान्तरापणं कार्यम् । ताम्बूलादि फलं च प्रोक्तं सारान्वितं द्रव्यम् ॥ ८० ॥
 ईशानादिमहेन्द्रद्वारान्तं चान्तरापणकम् । तत्रैव मत्स्यमांसं शुष्कं शाकं च विज्ञेयम् ॥ ८१ ॥
महेन्द्राद्यग्न्यन्तं भक्ष्यं भोज्यं च निर्दिष्टम् । अग्न्यादि गृहक्षतपर्यन्तं तत्र भाण्डानि ॥ ८२ ॥
तस्मान्निर्ऋतिपदान्तं  कंसादिकमत्र विज्ञेयम् । स्यात् पुष्पदन्तभागान्तं  पितृभागादि वस्त्रं स्यात् ॥ ८३ ।।

तस्मात् समीरणान्तं तण्डुलधान्यादिकं च कटम् स्याद् भल्लाटपदान्तं वाय्वादि के वस्त्रकादीनाम् ।८4

तत्रैव लावणादिद्रव्यं तैलादिकं ज्ञेयम्" । तस्मादीशपदान्तं गन्धं पुष्पादिकं विहितम् ।। ८५ 

एवं नवान्तरापणमुदितं तत्परितस्तु मध्ये । अभ्यन्तरगतमार्गेष्वथ रत्नं हाटकं वस्त्रम् ॥ ८६ ।।

माञ्जिष्ठं तु  मरीचं पिप्पलकं चापि हारिद्रम्" ।  मधुघृततैलादिकमथ भैषज्यं सर्वतः कार्यम्  ।। ८७ ।। 

आर्यपदे च विवस्वति मित्रे पृथिवीधरे च पदे ।  शास्ता दुर्गा गजमुखलक्ष्म्यौ चात्रैव'4' विज्ञेयाः ॥ ८८ ॥ 

देवालयमथ परितो ग्रामे यथा तथा विहितम् । परितः सर्वजनालयमुदितं किञ्चित् ततो दूरे ॥ ८९ ।।

नगराद् द्विशतं दण्डं नीत्वा प्राच्यां तु वाग्नेय्याम् ।चण्डालकुटीराणि तत्रैव तु कोलिकानां तु  ।। ९० ।।

अस्मिन् सर्वमनुक्तं ग्रामे तु यथा तथा विहितम् । पत्तनमृजुवीथियुतं नैव स्यादन्तरापर्ण तत्र ॥ ९१ ॥

 शेषाणामपि तत्तद्योग्यवशात्' तंत्र विज्ञेयम् ॥  ॥ 

स्थानीयदुर्गपुरपत्तनकोत्मकोल द्रोणामुखानि निगमं च तथैव खेटम् ।

ग्रामं च खर्वटमितीह दशैव युक्त्या धिष्ठानकानि कथितानि पुरातनार्यैः ॥ ९२ ॥

एवं प्रोक्तं भूमिदेवादिकानां वर्णानां चाप्यत्र जात्यन्तराणाम् ।
 ग्रामादीनां मानविन्यासमार्ग सालङ्कारं चारु संक्षिप्य तन्त्रात् ॥ ९३ ॥ 
दत्तान्नृपः स्थपतिकादिचतुष्टयेभ्यो मानादिकर्मनिपुणेभ्य इडां च गाश्च । 
नित्यं यथा जगति वित्तमनेकवस्तू न्या चन्द्रतारमघिवासभुवं'ऽ‘ मुदा सः ॥ ९४॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे नगरविधानो नाम

दशमोऽध्यायः



Bazaars

Now I lay down the disposition for inhabited quarters and for bazaars appropriate to all types of towns. On the periphery is the chariot road and inside it is the merchants' quarter; to the south of this is the weavers' quarter and to the north that of the potters; a great many other artisans are installed along that road.

A street encircles the place of Brahma and it is there that the bazaar for betel and similar produce, for fruits and for articles of value should be installed. Between the square of Isa and the Mahendra gate is the bazaar for meat, fish, (dried) products and for vegetables; between the Mahendra gate and the square of Agni is the bazaar for solid and liquid foods; the ironmongers are between the Agni square and that of Grhaksata¹8 between this last and that of Nirrti are the coppersmiths, between the square of Pitr and that of Puspadanta is the clothing bazaar; between this last and the square of Samirana is the bazaar for grains, rice and fodder. Between the square of Vayu and that of Bhallata is the bazaar for fabrics and materials of that kind and there is too the bazaar for food stuffs such as salt and oil; between this and the square of Isa is the bazaar for perfumes, flowers... etc. Such are the nine bazaars established in the centre and on the periphery (of the town).



Along the streets leading to the centre is the bazaar where are found gems, gold, clothes, madder, black pepper, peepul seed and orpiment as well as honey, ghee, oil and medicaments.


Śästr, Durga, Gajamukha and Laksmi should be worshipped at the places, (respectively), of Arya, Vivasvant, Mitra and Prthividhara. Beyond this the temples are placed all around as in a village.Houses for people of all castes are installed a little farther away. The candāla and kolika huts must be two hundred poles beyond the town to the east and south-west.



Everything not indicated here should be arranged as has been pres. cribed for villages. A pattana has one straight road where no bazaars are to be found, for all other (towns) the bazaars should be established according to each specific case.


Sthaniya, durga pura pattana, kotmakolaka, dronamukha, nigama as well as kbeta, grama and kharvata: these are the ten types of settlement established according to circumstance and they have been described by the sages of old.



The measurements, plans and streets suitable for villages and other settlements are described according to the Tantra. These are intended for the classes, the first of which is the brahmin class, and for inferior castes.



The generous prince gives land and cows to the tetrad led by the architect and practised in work such as measurement. If he does this without reservation, riches in abundance will be his and his realm will stretch to the moon and stars as long as the world shall endure.


Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the tenth chapter: RULES FOR TOWNS.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


[ अन्तरापणम् ]

तत्र कुटुम्बावलिकं वक्ष्येऽहं चान्तरापणकम् ।। ७७ ।।

परितो रथपथयुक्तं मध्ये वणिजां गृहश्रेणी । तद्दक्षिणतः पार्श्वे गेहं स्यात् तन्तुवायानाम् ।। ७८ ।। 

 उत्तरतस्तद्वासावलिकं स्याच्चक्रिकाणां तु । कर्मोपजीविनां स्याद् वासं रथपथ्यनेकानाम् ॥ ७९ ॥
 ब्रह्मावृतपथमेकं तत्रान्तरापणं कार्यम् । ताम्बूलादि फलं च प्रोक्तं सारान्वितं द्रव्यम् ॥ ८० ॥
 ईशानादिमहेन्द्रद्वारान्तं चान्तरापणकम् । तत्रैव मत्स्यमांसं शुष्कं शाकं च विज्ञेयम् ॥ ८१ ॥
महेन्द्राद्यग्न्यन्तं भक्ष्यं भोज्यं च निर्दिष्टम् । अग्न्यादि गृहक्षतपर्यन्तं तत्र भाण्डानि ॥ ८२ ॥
तस्मान्निर्ऋतिपदान्तं  कंसादिकमत्र विज्ञेयम् । स्यात् पुष्पदन्तभागान्तं  पितृभागादि वस्त्रं स्यात् ॥ ८३ ।।

तस्मात् समीरणान्तं तण्डुलधान्यादिकं च कटम् स्याद् भल्लाटपदान्तं वाय्वादि के वस्त्रकादीनाम् ।८4

तत्रैव लावणादिद्रव्यं तैलादिकं ज्ञेयम्" । तस्मादीशपदान्तं गन्धं पुष्पादिकं विहितम् ।। ८५ 

एवं नवान्तरापणमुदितं तत्परितस्तु मध्ये । अभ्यन्तरगतमार्गेष्वथ रत्नं हाटकं वस्त्रम् ॥ ८६ ।।

माञ्जिष्ठं तु  मरीचं पिप्पलकं चापि हारिद्रम्" ।  मधुघृततैलादिकमथ भैषज्यं सर्वतः कार्यम्  ।। ८७ ।। 

आर्यपदे च विवस्वति मित्रे पृथिवीधरे च पदे ।  शास्ता दुर्गा गजमुखलक्ष्म्यौ चात्रैव'4' विज्ञेयाः ॥ ८८ ॥ 

देवालयमथ परितो ग्रामे यथा तथा विहितम् । परितः सर्वजनालयमुदितं किञ्चित् ततो दूरे ॥ ८९ ।।

नगराद् द्विशतं दण्डं नीत्वा प्राच्यां तु वाग्नेय्याम् ।चण्डालकुटीराणि तत्रैव तु कोलिकानां तु  ।। ९० ।।

अस्मिन् सर्वमनुक्तं ग्रामे तु यथा तथा विहितम् । पत्तनमृजुवीथियुतं नैव स्यादन्तरापर्ण तत्र ॥ ९१ ॥

 शेषाणामपि तत्तद्योग्यवशात्' तंत्र विज्ञेयम् ॥  ॥ 

स्थानीयदुर्गपुरपत्तनकोत्मकोल द्रोणामुखानि निगमं च तथैव खेटम् ।

ग्रामं च खर्वटमितीह दशैव युक्त्या धिष्ठानकानि कथितानि पुरातनार्यैः ॥ ९२ ॥

एवं प्रोक्तं भूमिदेवादिकानां वर्णानां चाप्यत्र जात्यन्तराणाम् ।
 ग्रामादीनां मानविन्यासमार्ग सालङ्कारं चारु संक्षिप्य तन्त्रात् ॥ ९३ ॥ 
दत्तान्नृपः स्थपतिकादिचतुष्टयेभ्यो मानादिकर्मनिपुणेभ्य इडां च गाश्च । 
नित्यं यथा जगति वित्तमनेकवस्तू न्या चन्द्रतारमघिवासभुवं'ऽ‘ मुदा सः ॥ ९४॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे नगरविधानो नाम

दशमोऽध्यायः



Bazaars

Now I lay down the disposition for inhabited quarters and for bazaars appropriate to all types of towns. On the periphery is the chariot road and inside it is the merchants' quarter; to the south of this is the weavers' quarter and to the north that of the potters; a great many other artisans are installed along that road.

A street encircles the place of Brahma and it is there that the bazaar for betel and similar produce, for fruits and for articles of value should be installed. Between the square of Isa and the Mahendra gate is the bazaar for meat, fish, (dried) products and for vegetables; between the Mahendra gate and the square of Agni is the bazaar for solid and liquid foods; the ironmongers are between the Agni square and that of Grhaksata¹8 between this last and that of Nirrti are the coppersmiths, between the square of Pitr and that of Puspadanta is the clothing bazaar; between this last and the square of Samirana is the bazaar for grains, rice and fodder. Between the square of Vayu and that of Bhallata is the bazaar for fabrics and materials of that kind and there is too the bazaar for food stuffs such as salt and oil; between this and the square of Isa is the bazaar for perfumes, flowers... etc. Such are the nine bazaars established in the centre and on the periphery (of the town).



Along the streets leading to the centre is the bazaar where are found gems, gold, clothes, madder, black pepper, peepul seed and orpiment as well as honey, ghee, oil and medicaments.


Śästr, Durga, Gajamukha and Laksmi should be worshipped at the places, (respectively), of Arya, Vivasvant, Mitra and Prthividhara. Beyond this the temples are placed all around as in a village.Houses for people of all castes are installed a little farther away. The candāla and kolika huts must be two hundred poles beyond the town to the east and south-west.



Everything not indicated here should be arranged as has been pres. cribed for villages. A pattana has one straight road where no bazaars are to be found, for all other (towns) the bazaars should be established according to each specific case.


Sthaniya, durga pura pattana, kotmakolaka, dronamukha, nigama as well as kbeta, grama and kharvata: these are the ten types of settlement established according to circumstance and they have been described by the sages of old.



The measurements, plans and streets suitable for villages and other settlements are described according to the Tantra. These are intended for the classes, the first of which is the brahmin class, and for inferior castes.



The generous prince gives land and cows to the tetrad led by the architect and practised in work such as measurement. If he does this without reservation, riches in abundance will be his and his realm will stretch to the moon and stars as long as the world shall endure.


Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the tenth chapter: RULES FOR TOWNS.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-10C नगरविन्यासः Town Planning]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3170 Tue, 20 Jul 2021 09:55:12 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3170 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra



[ नगरविन्यासः ]

सर्वेषां विन्यासं संक्षेपाद् वक्ष्यते क्रमशः ॥ ५१ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गा द्वादश दश वाऽष्ट षट्चतुर्युगलम् । तावदुदीचीनास्ते तत्रैवायुग्मसंख्या वा ॥ ५२ ॥ 
एकादशनवसप्तकपञ्चगुणा वैकमार्गा वा" । युग्मायुग्मपदेषु द्वयेकत्रिभिरंशकैरजांशाः स्युः ॥ ५३॥ 
नगरादीनामेवं मार्गाण्युदितानि सर्वेषाम् । दण्डवदेका वीथी तद्दण्डकमित्यभीष्टं स्यात् ॥ ५४ ।। 
उत्तरदिङ्मुखमेकं तन्मध्ये संप्रयुक्तं चेत् । कर्तरिदण्डकमुदितं प्राचीनौ कुट्टिमौ तर्हि ॥ ५५ ॥ 
तद् बाहुदण्डकं स्याद् दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारसंयुक्तम् । बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं मध्ये" वीथ्या द्विपार्श्वे तु ॥ ५६ ॥ 
शेषं पूर्ववदिष्टं कुटिकामुखदण्डकं प्रोक्तम् । प्राचीनोदीचीनैमर्गैस्त्रिभिरेव संयुक्तम् ॥ ५७ ॥ 
तत् ¨कलकाबन्धदण्डकमिति तज्ज्ञैः समुद्दिष्टम् । प्राङ्मुखवीथ्यस्तित्रश्चोत्तरमार्गास्त्रयश्चैव ॥ ५८ ॥
एकैकान्तरितास्ते कुट्टिममार्गास्त्वनेकाश्च । वेदीभद्रकमुदितं नगरादीनामिदं शस्तम् ॥ ५९ ॥ 
स्वस्तिकमुदितं ग्रामे यथा तथा स्वस्तिकं  विद्यात् । प्रागुत्तरमुखमार्गाः षट्षडभीष्टास्तु तद्बाह्ये ॥ ६० ॥
प्रागिव मार्गोपितं वीथिपदं स्वस्तिकं चैव । प्राचीनोदीचीनाश्चत्वारश्चैव मार्गाः स्युः ॥ ६१ ॥


ब्रह्मावृतपथमेकं कुट्टिममार्गास्त्रयः प्राच्याम् । एतद् भद्रकमुदितं नाम्ना नगरादिविन्यासम् ॥ ६२ ॥
 प्रामुखमार्गाः  पञ्चैवोत्तरमार्गास्तथैव स्युः बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं भद्रमुखं नाम वस्तु स्यात् ॥ ६३ ॥ 
प्राचीनास्तु षडेवैवोत्तरवक्त्रास्तथा मार्गाः । यद् बहुकुट्टिमयुक्तं तद्वस्तु च's भद्रकल्याणम् ॥ ६४ ॥
 पूर्वापरमुखमार्गाः सप्तैवोदङ्मुखाश्च तथा 9 शेषं प्रागिव सर्वं विन्यासं तन्महाभद्रम् ॥ ६५ ।। 
अष्टौ पूर्वमुखास्ते मार्गाश्चाष्टावुदग्वक्त्राः । द्वादशमार्गोपितं बह्वर्गलकुट्टिमैर्युक्तम् ॥ ६६ ॥ 
यत् तद् वस्तुसुभद्रं नाम्ना विन्यासमुद्दिष्टम् । नवनवमार्गाश्चैते प्राचीनाश्चाप्युदीचीनाः ।। ६७ ।। 
द्वारोपद्वारयुतं कुट्टिममार्गार्गलैर्युक्तम् । राजगृहोपेतं यन्नगरं नाम्ना जयाङ्गं स्यात् ॥ ६८ ॥ 
प्राचीना दश मार्गाश्चोत्तरमार्गास्तथैव स्युः । नृपमन्दिरसंयुक्तं ""युक्त्यानेकार्गलोपेतम् ॥ ६९ ॥
 बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं विजयं नाम्ना वरैः प्रोक्तम् । प्राचीनास्त्वेकादश मार्गा रुद्रा उदीचीनाः ॥ ७० ॥
 ब्रह्मांशादपरांशो यदभीष्टं तत्र नृपवासम् । तन्मुखतोऽदभ्रमहाङ्गणकं स्यादिष्टभगे तु ॥ ७१ ॥
तत्रान्तःपुरवासं शेषं सर्वं  समुन्नेयम् । ''तत्प्रागुद्गतमार्गा'' सा कथिता राजवीथीति ॥ ७२ ।।
तस्या द्विपार्श्वयोः स्यात् सैश्वर्याणां तु  मालिकापङ्क्तिः। तत्पार्श्वयोर्निवासो वणिजां स्यात् तस्य दक्षिणतः ॥ ७३ ।। 
स्यात् तन्तुवायवासं ह्युत्तरतश्चक्रिणां वासम् । तत्तज्जात्यन्तरगृहमथ तत्सामीप्यतः''” कुर्यात् ॥ ७४ ॥
 शेषं प्रागिव सर्वं योग्यं तत् सर्वतोभद्रम् । एवं षोडश भेदा ह्युदिताश्चाद्यैर्मुनीन्द्रैस्तु ॥ ७५ ॥ 
मार्गच्छेदं नेष्टं पदमध्ये चत्वरं न स्यात्  ।  शेषं युक्त्यानुक्तं सम्यग् योज्यं नृपेच्छया तज्ज्ञैः ॥ ७६ ॥ 
क्षुद्राणामपि चैषां मध्यानां चापि सर्वेषाम् ।


.
Town planning

I now present the plans of all (towns) one after another.

Streets which go from east to west number twelve, ten, eight, six, four or two and the same numbers are suitable for those which go from north to south. In odd numbers there are eleven, nine, seven, five, three or one streets (in each direction). According to whether the diagram is in even or odd numbers, the number of squares for Aja is two, three or one (?),

Streets are now indicated for all towns and cities. When there is one single street which is straight this is a dandaka plan; if (this street), at its centre, crosses another coming from the north, this is a kartaridandaka plan. If there are two paved streets starting from the east, this is a babudandaka plan. If there are gates at the four cardinal points and a large number of paved streets on either side of the main street this is a kutikāmukhadandaka plan which is otherwise as above. When there are three streets towards the east and three towards the north the sages say this is a kalakabandhadandaka plan. If there are three streets towards the east separated from each other by several alleys this is a vedibhadra plan suitable for all types of town. It should be known that the svastika plan is the same as for village of that name;¹² it comprises however, at most, six streets going east and six going north and, as has been mentioned above, the layout of the principal roads is that of a svastika

When there are four streets going north, one around the place of Brahmä," and three paved streets towards the east it is a bhadraka plan which is suitable for all types of town.

0 When there are five streets going east and as many north as well as a large number of alleys this is a bhadramukha plan; when there are six streets going east and as many north as well as a large number of alleys this is a bhadrakalyana plan. When there are seven streets from east to west and as many proceeding from the north, the rest being as above, this is a mahabhadra plan. When there are eight streets going east, eight north, twelve other streets and a great number of cul-de-sacs and alleys this is said to be a vastusubbadra plan. If a town comprises nine streets going east and nine north as well as gates, posterns, alleys and cul-de-sacs and a royal palace it is called jayanga. A town which comprises ten streets proceeding from the east and as many from the north, which contains a royal palace and where there are numerous alleys arranged according to the specific circumstances, such a town is named vijaya by the sages.

5a (In the sarvatobbadra plan) there are eleven streets from the east and eleven from the north; the king's palace is to be found, as is convenient, to the west of the place of Brahmã;" in front of it is a huge empty yard; queen's dwelling is in the chosen place and all that remains is arranged as expedient. Streets which proceed (from the place of Brahma in the centre) towards the north and east are the royal streets, 45 on either side of these are rows of gallery-like buildings intended for the royal retinue; beyond them and on both sides is the quarter of the merchants and to the south of that the quarter of the weavers whilst that of the potters is to the north and, beside this, the quarters for each of the lower castes. The rest is to be as ordained above; this is the sarvatobbadra disposition.

Such are the sixteen varieties of town prescribed by the sages of old. A street should not be interrupted nor a crossroads established at the centre of a town plan. Anything which has not been laid down should be carried out by the sages in accordance with the wishes of the king.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra



[ नगरविन्यासः ]

सर्वेषां विन्यासं संक्षेपाद् वक्ष्यते क्रमशः ॥ ५१ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गा द्वादश दश वाऽष्ट षट्चतुर्युगलम् । तावदुदीचीनास्ते तत्रैवायुग्मसंख्या वा ॥ ५२ ॥ 
एकादशनवसप्तकपञ्चगुणा वैकमार्गा वा" । युग्मायुग्मपदेषु द्वयेकत्रिभिरंशकैरजांशाः स्युः ॥ ५३॥ 
नगरादीनामेवं मार्गाण्युदितानि सर्वेषाम् । दण्डवदेका वीथी तद्दण्डकमित्यभीष्टं स्यात् ॥ ५४ ।। 
उत्तरदिङ्मुखमेकं तन्मध्ये संप्रयुक्तं चेत् । कर्तरिदण्डकमुदितं प्राचीनौ कुट्टिमौ तर्हि ॥ ५५ ॥ 
तद् बाहुदण्डकं स्याद् दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारसंयुक्तम् । बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं मध्ये" वीथ्या द्विपार्श्वे तु ॥ ५६ ॥ 
शेषं पूर्ववदिष्टं कुटिकामुखदण्डकं प्रोक्तम् । प्राचीनोदीचीनैमर्गैस्त्रिभिरेव संयुक्तम् ॥ ५७ ॥ 
तत् ¨कलकाबन्धदण्डकमिति तज्ज्ञैः समुद्दिष्टम् । प्राङ्मुखवीथ्यस्तित्रश्चोत्तरमार्गास्त्रयश्चैव ॥ ५८ ॥
एकैकान्तरितास्ते कुट्टिममार्गास्त्वनेकाश्च । वेदीभद्रकमुदितं नगरादीनामिदं शस्तम् ॥ ५९ ॥ 
स्वस्तिकमुदितं ग्रामे यथा तथा स्वस्तिकं  विद्यात् । प्रागुत्तरमुखमार्गाः षट्षडभीष्टास्तु तद्बाह्ये ॥ ६० ॥
प्रागिव मार्गोपितं वीथिपदं स्वस्तिकं चैव । प्राचीनोदीचीनाश्चत्वारश्चैव मार्गाः स्युः ॥ ६१ ॥


ब्रह्मावृतपथमेकं कुट्टिममार्गास्त्रयः प्राच्याम् । एतद् भद्रकमुदितं नाम्ना नगरादिविन्यासम् ॥ ६२ ॥
 प्रामुखमार्गाः  पञ्चैवोत्तरमार्गास्तथैव स्युः बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं भद्रमुखं नाम वस्तु स्यात् ॥ ६३ ॥ 
प्राचीनास्तु षडेवैवोत्तरवक्त्रास्तथा मार्गाः । यद् बहुकुट्टिमयुक्तं तद्वस्तु च's भद्रकल्याणम् ॥ ६४ ॥
 पूर्वापरमुखमार्गाः सप्तैवोदङ्मुखाश्च तथा 9 शेषं प्रागिव सर्वं विन्यासं तन्महाभद्रम् ॥ ६५ ।। 
अष्टौ पूर्वमुखास्ते मार्गाश्चाष्टावुदग्वक्त्राः । द्वादशमार्गोपितं बह्वर्गलकुट्टिमैर्युक्तम् ॥ ६६ ॥ 
यत् तद् वस्तुसुभद्रं नाम्ना विन्यासमुद्दिष्टम् । नवनवमार्गाश्चैते प्राचीनाश्चाप्युदीचीनाः ।। ६७ ।। 
द्वारोपद्वारयुतं कुट्टिममार्गार्गलैर्युक्तम् । राजगृहोपेतं यन्नगरं नाम्ना जयाङ्गं स्यात् ॥ ६८ ॥ 
प्राचीना दश मार्गाश्चोत्तरमार्गास्तथैव स्युः । नृपमन्दिरसंयुक्तं ""युक्त्यानेकार्गलोपेतम् ॥ ६९ ॥
 बहुकुट्टिमसंयुक्तं विजयं नाम्ना वरैः प्रोक्तम् । प्राचीनास्त्वेकादश मार्गा रुद्रा उदीचीनाः ॥ ७० ॥
 ब्रह्मांशादपरांशो यदभीष्टं तत्र नृपवासम् । तन्मुखतोऽदभ्रमहाङ्गणकं स्यादिष्टभगे तु ॥ ७१ ॥
तत्रान्तःपुरवासं शेषं सर्वं  समुन्नेयम् । ''तत्प्रागुद्गतमार्गा'' सा कथिता राजवीथीति ॥ ७२ ।।
तस्या द्विपार्श्वयोः स्यात् सैश्वर्याणां तु  मालिकापङ्क्तिः। तत्पार्श्वयोर्निवासो वणिजां स्यात् तस्य दक्षिणतः ॥ ७३ ।। 
स्यात् तन्तुवायवासं ह्युत्तरतश्चक्रिणां वासम् । तत्तज्जात्यन्तरगृहमथ तत्सामीप्यतः''” कुर्यात् ॥ ७४ ॥
 शेषं प्रागिव सर्वं योग्यं तत् सर्वतोभद्रम् । एवं षोडश भेदा ह्युदिताश्चाद्यैर्मुनीन्द्रैस्तु ॥ ७५ ॥ 
मार्गच्छेदं नेष्टं पदमध्ये चत्वरं न स्यात्  ।  शेषं युक्त्यानुक्तं सम्यग् योज्यं नृपेच्छया तज्ज्ञैः ॥ ७६ ॥ 
क्षुद्राणामपि चैषां मध्यानां चापि सर्वेषाम् ।


.
Town planning

I now present the plans of all (towns) one after another.

Streets which go from east to west number twelve, ten, eight, six, four or two and the same numbers are suitable for those which go from north to south. In odd numbers there are eleven, nine, seven, five, three or one streets (in each direction). According to whether the diagram is in even or odd numbers, the number of squares for Aja is two, three or one (?),

Streets are now indicated for all towns and cities. When there is one single street which is straight this is a dandaka plan; if (this street), at its centre, crosses another coming from the north, this is a kartaridandaka plan. If there are two paved streets starting from the east, this is a babudandaka plan. If there are gates at the four cardinal points and a large number of paved streets on either side of the main street this is a kutikāmukhadandaka plan which is otherwise as above. When there are three streets towards the east and three towards the north the sages say this is a kalakabandhadandaka plan. If there are three streets towards the east separated from each other by several alleys this is a vedibhadra plan suitable for all types of town. It should be known that the svastika plan is the same as for village of that name;¹² it comprises however, at most, six streets going east and six going north and, as has been mentioned above, the layout of the principal roads is that of a svastika

When there are four streets going north, one around the place of Brahmä," and three paved streets towards the east it is a bhadraka plan which is suitable for all types of town.

0 When there are five streets going east and as many north as well as a large number of alleys this is a bhadramukha plan; when there are six streets going east and as many north as well as a large number of alleys this is a bhadrakalyana plan. When there are seven streets from east to west and as many proceeding from the north, the rest being as above, this is a mahabhadra plan. When there are eight streets going east, eight north, twelve other streets and a great number of cul-de-sacs and alleys this is said to be a vastusubbadra plan. If a town comprises nine streets going east and nine north as well as gates, posterns, alleys and cul-de-sacs and a royal palace it is called jayanga. A town which comprises ten streets proceeding from the east and as many from the north, which contains a royal palace and where there are numerous alleys arranged according to the specific circumstances, such a town is named vijaya by the sages.

5a (In the sarvatobbadra plan) there are eleven streets from the east and eleven from the north; the king's palace is to be found, as is convenient, to the west of the place of Brahmã;" in front of it is a huge empty yard; queen's dwelling is in the chosen place and all that remains is arranged as expedient. Streets which proceed (from the place of Brahma in the centre) towards the north and east are the royal streets, 45 on either side of these are rows of gallery-like buildings intended for the royal retinue; beyond them and on both sides is the quarter of the merchants and to the south of that the quarter of the weavers whilst that of the potters is to the north and, beside this, the quarters for each of the lower castes. The rest is to be as ordained above; this is the sarvatobbadra disposition.

Such are the sixteen varieties of town prescribed by the sages of old. A street should not be interrupted nor a crossroads established at the centre of a town plan. Anything which has not been laid down should be carried out by the sages in accordance with the wishes of the king.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-10B दुर्गाणि : FORTS]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3169 Tue, 20 Jul 2021 09:01:42 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3169 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra



[ दुर्गाणि ]

गिरिवनजल”पङ्केरिणदैवतमिश्राणि सप्त दुर्गाणि ॥ ३६ ॥ 
गिरिमध्यं गिरिपार्श्व गिरिशिखरं पार्वतं दुर्गम् । अजलं तरुवनगहनं वनदुर्गं तदुभयं तु मिश्रं स्यात् ॥ ३७ ॥
दैवं तु सहजदुर्गं पङ्क्युतं पङ्कदुर्गं स्यात् । नद्यब्धिपरिवृतं यज्जलदुर्ग निर्वनोदमिरिणं स्यात् ॥ ३८ ॥
अक्षयजलान्नशस्त्रं” ह्यतिविपुलोत्तुङ्गघनसालम् । सर्वं हि दुर्गजातं सप्राकारं त्वनेकमुखरक्षम् ॥ ३९ ॥ 
बहिरुदकरहितवनच्छन्नपथं दुष्प्रवेशं च । गोपुरमण्डपयुक्तं सोपानच्छन्नमच्छन्नम्¨ ॥ ४० ॥
द्विकवाटचतुष्परिघार्गल” हस्तोन्नतेन्द्रकीलयुतम् । सस्थूणमध्यमालयमिण्ठकसहितं सगूढसोपानम् ॥ ४१ ॥
द्वाराणि मण्डपसभाशालाकाराणि कार्याणि । द्वादश सालाकाराश्चतुरं” वृत्तं तदायतं च पुनः ॥ ४२ ॥
नन्द्यावर्त कौक्कुटमिभकुम्भं नागवृत्तं च  ।  मग्नचतुरं त्रिकोणमष्टाश्रं नेमिखण्डं च ॥ ४३ ॥
प्राकाराश्चेष्टकया द्वादशहस्तोच्छ्रिताहीनाः । उत्सेधार्धविशाला मूले भित्तिः ससञ्चारा ॥ ४४ ॥
 सालस्याभ्यन्तरतः पांसुचयोपर्यनेकयन्त्रयुतम् । परितः परिखोपेतं पांसुचये संहताट्टालम् ॥ ४५ ॥ 
परितः शिबिरोपेतं नानाजनवाससङ्कीर्णम्  ।  नृपभवनसमोपेतं हस्त्यश्वरथपदातिबहुमुख्यम् ॥ ४६॥ 
धान्यैस्तैलैः क्षारैः सलवणभैषज्यगन्धविषम् । लोहाङ्गारस्नायुविषाणवेण्विन्धनैर्युक्तम् ॥ ४७ ॥ 
तृणचर्मशाकयुक्तं सवल्कलं सारदारुयुतम् । दुर्गं दुर्गममुक्तं दुर्लङ्घ्यं दुरवगाहं च ॥ ४८ ॥ 
रक्षार्थं च जयार्थं ह्यरिभिरभेद्यं च दुर्गमिष्टं स्यात् । इन्द्रश्च वासुदेवो गुहो जयन्तश्च वैश्रवणः ॥ ४९ ॥ 
अश्विन्यौ श्रीमदिरे शिवश्च दुर्गा सरस्वती चेति । प्राकारान्तर्दिव्या दुर्गनिवेशे च विज्ञेयाः ॥ ५० ॥ 
एवं दुर्गविधानं सम्यक् प्रोक्तं पुरातनैर्मुनिभिः ।


Forts

There are seven types of fort: the mountain fort, the forest fort, the water fort, the mud fort, the desert fort, the natural fort and the mixed fort. The mountain fort is built amidst mountains or on the side of a mountain or at its summit. The forest fort is situated in a dry place, hidden in a forest. The mixed fort unites the characteristics of the two preceding ones. The natural fort has only natural defences, the mud fort has (ramparts) of mud. The water fort is in the middle of a river or is in the sea. The desert fort is (situated in a place) devoid of trees and of water.

A fort should contain inexhaustible quantities of water, of food and of weapons, the ramparts are to be very big, very high and extremely thick; it should be impregnable at all points by virtue of its surrounding walls and it is guarded on all sides. Beyond the ramparts is a path, hidden in a forest, which is not waterlogged and is difficult of access.

There are gates with stairways, some visible and others secret. Their doors have double leaves and are provided with four bars," with bolts and with a one cubit high clamp. (These gatehouses) are provided with a kind of bretesse" which rests in the centre on a pillar and access (to which) is by a secret stairway. These gateways have (a flat roof) like a pavilion, or (an hipped roof) like a hall, or (a wagon-roof) like a house main-building

The ramparts may be built according to one of twelve layouts square, circular, rectangular, elliptical," nandyavarta shaped or shaped like a cock or like the temporal bone of an elephant or like a coiled snake or square with curved sides, triangular, octagonal or semi-circular."

Brick ramparts are at least twelve cubits high and are twice as high as thick; the wall has a passable road at its base;" inside the ramparts are all kinds of war machines set up at elevated points. All around is a moat and on its earthen bank are towers connected (with the wall); and beyond, and all around this, is a camp. 

The fort is inhabited by people of diverse classes and contains the palace of the king. Present here are numerous elephants, horses, war chariots and foot-soldiers. It is abundantly provided with grain, oil and molasses, as with salt, medicaments, perfumes and poisons and with metals, charcoal, gut, ivory, bamboo and combustibles such as fodder and with leather, vegetables, barks and hard woods.

A fort must be inaccessible, proof against attack and impregnable; it is constructed for defence and victory and must be impenetrable by enemies.

Indra, Väsudeva, Guha, Jayanta, Vaisravana, Aśvin, Śrī and Madira, Siva, Durga and Sarasvati: these are the deities who are to be honoured within the walls and who should be borne in mind when a fort is built.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra



[ दुर्गाणि ]

गिरिवनजल”पङ्केरिणदैवतमिश्राणि सप्त दुर्गाणि ॥ ३६ ॥ 
गिरिमध्यं गिरिपार्श्व गिरिशिखरं पार्वतं दुर्गम् । अजलं तरुवनगहनं वनदुर्गं तदुभयं तु मिश्रं स्यात् ॥ ३७ ॥
दैवं तु सहजदुर्गं पङ्क्युतं पङ्कदुर्गं स्यात् । नद्यब्धिपरिवृतं यज्जलदुर्ग निर्वनोदमिरिणं स्यात् ॥ ३८ ॥
अक्षयजलान्नशस्त्रं” ह्यतिविपुलोत्तुङ्गघनसालम् । सर्वं हि दुर्गजातं सप्राकारं त्वनेकमुखरक्षम् ॥ ३९ ॥ 
बहिरुदकरहितवनच्छन्नपथं दुष्प्रवेशं च । गोपुरमण्डपयुक्तं सोपानच्छन्नमच्छन्नम्¨ ॥ ४० ॥
द्विकवाटचतुष्परिघार्गल” हस्तोन्नतेन्द्रकीलयुतम् । सस्थूणमध्यमालयमिण्ठकसहितं सगूढसोपानम् ॥ ४१ ॥
द्वाराणि मण्डपसभाशालाकाराणि कार्याणि । द्वादश सालाकाराश्चतुरं” वृत्तं तदायतं च पुनः ॥ ४२ ॥
नन्द्यावर्त कौक्कुटमिभकुम्भं नागवृत्तं च  ।  मग्नचतुरं त्रिकोणमष्टाश्रं नेमिखण्डं च ॥ ४३ ॥
प्राकाराश्चेष्टकया द्वादशहस्तोच्छ्रिताहीनाः । उत्सेधार्धविशाला मूले भित्तिः ससञ्चारा ॥ ४४ ॥
 सालस्याभ्यन्तरतः पांसुचयोपर्यनेकयन्त्रयुतम् । परितः परिखोपेतं पांसुचये संहताट्टालम् ॥ ४५ ॥ 
परितः शिबिरोपेतं नानाजनवाससङ्कीर्णम्  ।  नृपभवनसमोपेतं हस्त्यश्वरथपदातिबहुमुख्यम् ॥ ४६॥ 
धान्यैस्तैलैः क्षारैः सलवणभैषज्यगन्धविषम् । लोहाङ्गारस्नायुविषाणवेण्विन्धनैर्युक्तम् ॥ ४७ ॥ 
तृणचर्मशाकयुक्तं सवल्कलं सारदारुयुतम् । दुर्गं दुर्गममुक्तं दुर्लङ्घ्यं दुरवगाहं च ॥ ४८ ॥ 
रक्षार्थं च जयार्थं ह्यरिभिरभेद्यं च दुर्गमिष्टं स्यात् । इन्द्रश्च वासुदेवो गुहो जयन्तश्च वैश्रवणः ॥ ४९ ॥ 
अश्विन्यौ श्रीमदिरे शिवश्च दुर्गा सरस्वती चेति । प्राकारान्तर्दिव्या दुर्गनिवेशे च विज्ञेयाः ॥ ५० ॥ 
एवं दुर्गविधानं सम्यक् प्रोक्तं पुरातनैर्मुनिभिः ।


Forts

There are seven types of fort: the mountain fort, the forest fort, the water fort, the mud fort, the desert fort, the natural fort and the mixed fort. The mountain fort is built amidst mountains or on the side of a mountain or at its summit. The forest fort is situated in a dry place, hidden in a forest. The mixed fort unites the characteristics of the two preceding ones. The natural fort has only natural defences, the mud fort has (ramparts) of mud. The water fort is in the middle of a river or is in the sea. The desert fort is (situated in a place) devoid of trees and of water.

A fort should contain inexhaustible quantities of water, of food and of weapons, the ramparts are to be very big, very high and extremely thick; it should be impregnable at all points by virtue of its surrounding walls and it is guarded on all sides. Beyond the ramparts is a path, hidden in a forest, which is not waterlogged and is difficult of access.

There are gates with stairways, some visible and others secret. Their doors have double leaves and are provided with four bars," with bolts and with a one cubit high clamp. (These gatehouses) are provided with a kind of bretesse" which rests in the centre on a pillar and access (to which) is by a secret stairway. These gateways have (a flat roof) like a pavilion, or (an hipped roof) like a hall, or (a wagon-roof) like a house main-building

The ramparts may be built according to one of twelve layouts square, circular, rectangular, elliptical," nandyavarta shaped or shaped like a cock or like the temporal bone of an elephant or like a coiled snake or square with curved sides, triangular, octagonal or semi-circular."

Brick ramparts are at least twelve cubits high and are twice as high as thick; the wall has a passable road at its base;" inside the ramparts are all kinds of war machines set up at elevated points. All around is a moat and on its earthen bank are towers connected (with the wall); and beyond, and all around this, is a camp. 

The fort is inhabited by people of diverse classes and contains the palace of the king. Present here are numerous elephants, horses, war chariots and foot-soldiers. It is abundantly provided with grain, oil and molasses, as with salt, medicaments, perfumes and poisons and with metals, charcoal, gut, ivory, bamboo and combustibles such as fodder and with leather, vegetables, barks and hard woods.

A fort must be inaccessible, proof against attack and impregnable; it is constructed for defence and victory and must be impenetrable by enemies.

Indra, Väsudeva, Guha, Jayanta, Vaisravana, Aśvin, Śrī and Madira, Siva, Durga and Sarasvati: these are the deities who are to be honoured within the walls and who should be borne in mind when a fort is built.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-10A : राजधानी : The royal capital]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3166 Mon, 12 Jul 2021 12:01:01 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3166 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra

[ राजधानी ]

राष्ट्रस्य मध्यभागे सज्जनबहुले नदीसमीपे च । नगरं केवलमथवा राजगृहोपेतराजधानी वा ॥ १९ ॥

दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारयुतं गोपुरयुक्तं तु सालाढ्यम् । क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ २० ॥ 

सर्वसुरालयसहितं नगरमिदं केवलं प्रोक्तम्" । प्रत्यगुदग्दिशि गहना परितः साला बहिः सपांसुचया ॥ २१ ॥

परितः परिखा बाह्ये शिबिरयुतानेकमुखरक्षा । पूर्वायां दक्षिणतश्चाभिमुखा राजबलयुक्ता ॥ २२ ॥

उन्नतगोपुरयुक्ता नानाविधमालिकोपेता ।सर्वसुरालयसहिता नानागणिकान्विता बहूद्याना ॥ २३ ॥ 

हस्त्यश्वरथपदातिबहुमुख्या सर्वजनयुक्ता । द्वारोपद्वारयुताभ्यंन्तरतोऽनेकजनवासा ॥ २४ ॥

या नृपवेश्मसमेता सा कथिता राजधानीति ।  काननवनदेशे वा सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ २५ ॥



क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं पुरमुदितं यत् तदेव नगरमिति” ।

[खेटादिभेदाः ]

शूद्रैरधिष्ठितं यत्रद्यचलावेष्टितं॰ तु तत् खेटम् ॥ २६ ॥ 


परितः पर्वतयुक्तं खर्वटकं सर्वजनसहितम् । खर्वटखेटकमध्ये यज्जनताढ्यं जनस्थानकुब्जम्" ॥ २७ ।।

द्वीपान्तरागतवस्तुभिरभियुक्तं सर्वजनसहितम् । क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं रत्नधनक्षौमगन्धवस्त्वाढ्यम्  ॥ २८ ॥ 

सागरवेलाभ्याशे“ तदनुगतायामि पत्तनं प्रोक्तम् । परनृपदेशसमीपे युद्धारम्भक्रियोपेतम् ॥ २९ ॥ 

सेनासेनापतियुतमिदमुदितं शिबिरमिति च वरै: सर्वजनैः सङ्कीर्णं नृपभवनयुतं तदेव तथा ॥ ३० ॥


बहुरक्षोपेतं यत् सेनामुखमुच्यते तज्ज्ञैः । नद्यद्रिपार्श्वयुक्तं नृपभवनयुतं सबहुरक्षम् ॥ ३१ ॥

यन्नृपतिस्थापितकं तत् स्थानीयं समुद्दिष्टम् । 4¨नद्यब्धिदक्षिणादक्षिणभाग् वणिगादिसंयुक्तम् ॥ ३२

'सर्वजनावासं यद् द्रोणमुखं प्रोक्तमाचार्यैः । ग्रामसमीपे जनतालयमिदमुदितं विडम्बमिति ॥ ३३ ॥ 

वनमध्ये जनवासं यत् कोत्मकोलकं प्रोक्तम् ।चातुर्वर्ण्यसमेतं सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ ३४ ॥ 

बहुकर्मकारयुक्तं यनिगमं तत् समुद्दिष्टम् । नद्यद्रिवनसमेतं बहुजनयुक्तं सनृपवासम् ॥ ३५॥ 

एतत् स्कन्धावारं तत्पार्श्वे चेरिका" प्रोक्ता ।


The royal capital

A heavily populated town situated in the middle of the kingdom and beside a river is an 'ordinary' (kevala) town though if there is a royal palace there it is a 'royal capital'. 

A town is called 'ordinary' when it has four entrances at cardinal points, gateways 10 and ramparts, when it contains shops as well as dwellings for all classes of people and temples for all the gods.

A town called 'royal capital' is impregnable at the north and at the east; it is encircled by a wall beyond which is a glacis of earth; beyond that is a moat and, lastly, farther away is a fortified garrison keeping watch in all directions, the royal guard facing to the cast and to the south. This town has high gateways, various types of gallery and temples to all the gods. It is frequented by all sorts of courtesans and has a number of gardens. Elephants, horses, war chariots and foot soldiers abound. People of all classes (live there). It has gates and posterns¹4 and, inside, a great number of dwelling houses as well as the king's palace.


However when it is located in a forested country and when it contains dwellings for all classes of people, and shops, it is called pura or nagara.¹5

Kheta and other types of town

A kbeta is inhabited by śüdra; it is situated in the vicinity of a river or a mountain. A kharvata is surrounded by mountains and is inhabited by people of all classes." A janasthanakubja is heavily populated and situated between a kbeta and a kharvata.

A pattana is a town where products from other countries are to be found; it is inhabited by people of all classes, there are shops and an abundance of merchandise such as precious stones, grains, fine cloth and perfumes, it is situated by the sea and extends along the coast.

Sages say that a sibira is situated in proximity to the realm of an enemy prince; it is provided with everything necessary for war and it accommodates the army and the commander-in-chief. 




According to the sages a senámukba is a place where people of all classes are mixed; it contains a royal palace and is provided with a well fortified garrison.

A sthaniya is a town founded by the king and situated beside a river or near to a mountain; it comprises a royal palace and a large garrison. What extends (both) along the right and left banks of a river and which is frequented by traders and others and inhabited by people of all classes is called dronamukha by teachers.

An inhabited place in the vicinity of a village is a vidamba. An in habited place in the middle of a forest is a kotmakolaka. A nigama is a town where the four castes are gathered, where people of all classes live together and where there are a number of artisans.

A skandhävāra is near a forested region or a river; it is heavily popu lated and comprises a royal palace; that which is found next to it is a cerikā. ]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra

[ राजधानी ]

राष्ट्रस्य मध्यभागे सज्जनबहुले नदीसमीपे च । नगरं केवलमथवा राजगृहोपेतराजधानी वा ॥ १९ ॥

दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारयुतं गोपुरयुक्तं तु सालाढ्यम् । क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ २० ॥ 

सर्वसुरालयसहितं नगरमिदं केवलं प्रोक्तम्" । प्रत्यगुदग्दिशि गहना परितः साला बहिः सपांसुचया ॥ २१ ॥

परितः परिखा बाह्ये शिबिरयुतानेकमुखरक्षा । पूर्वायां दक्षिणतश्चाभिमुखा राजबलयुक्ता ॥ २२ ॥

उन्नतगोपुरयुक्ता नानाविधमालिकोपेता ।सर्वसुरालयसहिता नानागणिकान्विता बहूद्याना ॥ २३ ॥ 

हस्त्यश्वरथपदातिबहुमुख्या सर्वजनयुक्ता । द्वारोपद्वारयुताभ्यंन्तरतोऽनेकजनवासा ॥ २४ ॥

या नृपवेश्मसमेता सा कथिता राजधानीति ।  काननवनदेशे वा सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ २५ ॥



क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं पुरमुदितं यत् तदेव नगरमिति” ।

[खेटादिभेदाः ]

शूद्रैरधिष्ठितं यत्रद्यचलावेष्टितं॰ तु तत् खेटम् ॥ २६ ॥ 


परितः पर्वतयुक्तं खर्वटकं सर्वजनसहितम् । खर्वटखेटकमध्ये यज्जनताढ्यं जनस्थानकुब्जम्" ॥ २७ ।।

द्वीपान्तरागतवस्तुभिरभियुक्तं सर्वजनसहितम् । क्रयविक्रयकैर्युक्तं रत्नधनक्षौमगन्धवस्त्वाढ्यम्  ॥ २८ ॥ 

सागरवेलाभ्याशे“ तदनुगतायामि पत्तनं प्रोक्तम् । परनृपदेशसमीपे युद्धारम्भक्रियोपेतम् ॥ २९ ॥ 

सेनासेनापतियुतमिदमुदितं शिबिरमिति च वरै: सर्वजनैः सङ्कीर्णं नृपभवनयुतं तदेव तथा ॥ ३० ॥


बहुरक्षोपेतं यत् सेनामुखमुच्यते तज्ज्ञैः । नद्यद्रिपार्श्वयुक्तं नृपभवनयुतं सबहुरक्षम् ॥ ३१ ॥

यन्नृपतिस्थापितकं तत् स्थानीयं समुद्दिष्टम् । 4¨नद्यब्धिदक्षिणादक्षिणभाग् वणिगादिसंयुक्तम् ॥ ३२

'सर्वजनावासं यद् द्रोणमुखं प्रोक्तमाचार्यैः । ग्रामसमीपे जनतालयमिदमुदितं विडम्बमिति ॥ ३३ ॥ 

वनमध्ये जनवासं यत् कोत्मकोलकं प्रोक्तम् ।चातुर्वर्ण्यसमेतं सर्वजनावाससङ्कीर्णम् ॥ ३४ ॥ 

बहुकर्मकारयुक्तं यनिगमं तत् समुद्दिष्टम् । नद्यद्रिवनसमेतं बहुजनयुक्तं सनृपवासम् ॥ ३५॥ 

एतत् स्कन्धावारं तत्पार्श्वे चेरिका" प्रोक्ता ।


The royal capital

A heavily populated town situated in the middle of the kingdom and beside a river is an 'ordinary' (kevala) town though if there is a royal palace there it is a 'royal capital'. 

A town is called 'ordinary' when it has four entrances at cardinal points, gateways 10 and ramparts, when it contains shops as well as dwellings for all classes of people and temples for all the gods.

A town called 'royal capital' is impregnable at the north and at the east; it is encircled by a wall beyond which is a glacis of earth; beyond that is a moat and, lastly, farther away is a fortified garrison keeping watch in all directions, the royal guard facing to the cast and to the south. This town has high gateways, various types of gallery and temples to all the gods. It is frequented by all sorts of courtesans and has a number of gardens. Elephants, horses, war chariots and foot soldiers abound. People of all classes (live there). It has gates and posterns¹4 and, inside, a great number of dwelling houses as well as the king's palace.


However when it is located in a forested country and when it contains dwellings for all classes of people, and shops, it is called pura or nagara.¹5

Kheta and other types of town

A kbeta is inhabited by śüdra; it is situated in the vicinity of a river or a mountain. A kharvata is surrounded by mountains and is inhabited by people of all classes." A janasthanakubja is heavily populated and situated between a kbeta and a kharvata.

A pattana is a town where products from other countries are to be found; it is inhabited by people of all classes, there are shops and an abundance of merchandise such as precious stones, grains, fine cloth and perfumes, it is situated by the sea and extends along the coast.

Sages say that a sibira is situated in proximity to the realm of an enemy prince; it is provided with everything necessary for war and it accommodates the army and the commander-in-chief. 




According to the sages a senámukba is a place where people of all classes are mixed; it contains a royal palace and is provided with a well fortified garrison.

A sthaniya is a town founded by the king and situated beside a river or near to a mountain; it comprises a royal palace and a large garrison. What extends (both) along the right and left banks of a river and which is frequented by traders and others and inhabited by people of all classes is called dronamukha by teachers.

An inhabited place in the vicinity of a village is a vidamba. An in habited place in the middle of a forest is a kotmakolaka. A nigama is a town where the four castes are gathered, where people of all classes live together and where there are a number of artisans.

A skandhävāra is near a forested region or a river; it is heavily popu lated and comprises a royal palace; that which is found next to it is a cerikā. ]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-10 : TOWNS :नगरविधानम्]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3165 Mon, 12 Jul 2021 11:46:45 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3165 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


दशमोऽध्यायः
CHAPTER 10 : TOWNS
[ नगरविधानम् ]

नगरादीनां मानं विन्यासं च क्रमादहं वक्ष्ये ।

[ नगरमानम् ]

आद्यं धनुषां त्रिशतं तस्माच्छतदण्डवर्धनादुपरि ॥ १ ॥

साष्टकसप्ततिभेदाश्चाष्टसहस्रान्तकं यावत् ।
नगराणां विपुलं हि प्रोक्तं पूर्वोक्तमानेन । २

शतदण्डादिदशद्धर्या त्रिःसप्तत्रिशतदण्डान्तम् ।
क्षुद्राणामिदमुदितं नगराणामेव सर्वेषाम् ॥ ३ 

उत्कृष्टपुरपरिधिर्नृपतेर्यष्टिद्विरष्टसाहस्रैः ।
चातुःसहस्रकान्तं पञ्चशतोनाद्धि' पञ्चपञ्चधा मानम् ॥ ४ ॥ 

त्रिशतादिचतुःशतकं यावद् वृद्ध्या तु विंशतिभिः ।
षड्विधमुक्तं खेटं श्रेष्ठे मध्ये परे विपुलम् ॥ ५॥

तस्मात् त्रिरष्टवृद्ध्या द्रोणमुखे॰ पञ्चधा मानम्।
षण्णवतिचतुःशतकं यावत् तावत्तु विस्तारम् ॥ ६ ॥

द्विशतादि चतुःशतकं यावत् पञ्चाशदभिवृद्ध्या ।
'पञ्चप्रमाणमेवं खर्वटविस्तार उद्दिष्टः ॥ ७ ॥

“द्विशतादिपङ्क्तिवृद्ध्या चत्वारिंशत्रिशतदण्डं स्यात्
"यावन्निगमे विपुलाः प्रोक्तास्त्रिःपञ्चभेदाश्च ॥ ८ ॥

शतदण्डे शतवृद्ध्या पञ्चशतं यावदुद्दिष्टम् ।
स्यात् कोत्मकोलकानां विपुलं पञ्चैव भेदेन ॥ ९ ॥ 

तावन्मानं प्रोक्तं पुरविपुले सूरिभिः प्राज्ञैः ।
यावत् पञ्चशतान्तं त्रिशतादारभ्य  सप्तधा मानम् ॥ १० ॥ 

पञ्चाशद्धनुवृद्ध्या विपुलं कथितं विडम्बस्य ।
"प्रागुपदिष्टं मानं ह्येतन्मानं तु वैतेषाम् ॥ ११ ॥

द्विगुणं त्रिपादमर्धं पादं तेषां मुखायतं विपुलात् ।
विपुले तु षडष्टांशे भागेनैकेन वायतं पुरतः  ॥ १२ ॥

[ वप्रविधानम् ]

चतुरश्रमायताश्रं वृत्तं वृत्तायतं च पुनः ।
स्याद् गोलवृत्तमेवं" वप्राकारास्तु' पञ्चैव  ॥ १३ ॥

पङ्क्त्यष्टसप्तपञ्चक चतुरंशैस्तत् कृते" विपुले ।
मुनिरसशरयुगशिखिभि”र्भागैर्वप्रावधिः प्रोक्तः ॥ १४ ॥

 द्वित्रिचतुर्हस्तं स्याद् विपुलं सालस्य तुङ्गे तु ।  
सप्तदशैकादशभिर्हस्तैरग्रं त्र्यंशोनम् ॥ १५ ॥

परितः परिखा बाह्येऽबाह्ये देवालयादीनि ।

[ वर्ज्यस्थानानि ]

पेचकभागाद्यासनभागान्तं चण्डितं प्रोक्तम् ॥ १६ ॥
सूत्रादीन्यथ विषमस्थानानि च वर्जयेन्मतिमान् ।



[ मार्गाः ]



प्रागुदगग्रं मार्गं तत्र यथेष्टं न्यसेद् विधिना ॥ १७ ॥ 

दण्डादिसप्तदण्डं यावद्” दण्डार्धवृद्ध्या तु। 

मार्गविशालाश्चैते त्रयोदशभेदाः समुद्दिष्टाः ॥ १८ ॥





TOWNS

Now I give the dimensions of towns followed by their plans.

Dimensions of towns

Going from three hundred poles up to eight thousand by successive increments of one hundred poles, seventy-eight widths are obtained for towns. Going from a hundred poles up to three hundred by successive increments of ten poles, twenty-one (widths) for very small towns are obtained.

The surrounding wall of the largest capital city measures sixteen thousand poles, diminishing to four thousand poles by successive reductions of five hundred poles gives twenty-five (possible perimeters for capitals).

la Going from three hundred poles to four hundred by successive incre ments of twenty poles, gives the widths of the six types of kheta: two superior, two medium and two inferior. From (four hundred poles) to four hundred and ninety-six there are six (possible) widths for dronamukha. From two hundred poles to four hundred by successive increments of fifty poles there are five possible widths for kharvata. From two hundred poles to three hundred and forty by successive increments of ten poles gives fifteen possible widths for nigama. From one hundred to five hundred poles by successive increments of one hundred poles gives five (possible) widths for kotmakolaka and, according to the sages, these widths apply to the pura as well. The width of vidamba goes from two hundred to five hundred poles giving seven possible widths with a difference of fifty poles between each.


The dimensions having been indicated, here are the proportions: the length is double the width or one and a quarter times it, otherwise the length exceeds the width by a sixth or an eighth.



The surrounding wall Square, rectangular, round, elliptical or perfectly circular, such are the five layouts for the walls. Their lengths may be seven-tenths, six eighths, five-sevenths, four-fifths or three-fourths of the perimeter (of the town?)."


The thickness of the (bottom of the) wall is two, three or four cubits; its height is seven, ten or eleven cubits: its thickness at the top is two thirds what it is at the bottom. There is a moat all around the exterior and inside are the temples...etc. 


Places to be avoided



Diagrams such as pecaka (with four squares) or asana (with a hundred squares) or those between them should be used; the sage must avoid (building) on their lines and on other forbidden places.7



Streets


A street should be planned there, or wherever desired, but starting at the north (or at the) east and according to the rules. From one pole to seven by successive increments of half a pole, there are thirteen (possible) breadths for the streets.]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


दशमोऽध्यायः
CHAPTER 10 : TOWNS
[ नगरविधानम् ]

नगरादीनां मानं विन्यासं च क्रमादहं वक्ष्ये ।

[ नगरमानम् ]

आद्यं धनुषां त्रिशतं तस्माच्छतदण्डवर्धनादुपरि ॥ १ ॥

साष्टकसप्ततिभेदाश्चाष्टसहस्रान्तकं यावत् ।
नगराणां विपुलं हि प्रोक्तं पूर्वोक्तमानेन । २

शतदण्डादिदशद्धर्या त्रिःसप्तत्रिशतदण्डान्तम् ।
क्षुद्राणामिदमुदितं नगराणामेव सर्वेषाम् ॥ ३ 

उत्कृष्टपुरपरिधिर्नृपतेर्यष्टिद्विरष्टसाहस्रैः ।
चातुःसहस्रकान्तं पञ्चशतोनाद्धि' पञ्चपञ्चधा मानम् ॥ ४ ॥ 

त्रिशतादिचतुःशतकं यावद् वृद्ध्या तु विंशतिभिः ।
षड्विधमुक्तं खेटं श्रेष्ठे मध्ये परे विपुलम् ॥ ५॥

तस्मात् त्रिरष्टवृद्ध्या द्रोणमुखे॰ पञ्चधा मानम्।
षण्णवतिचतुःशतकं यावत् तावत्तु विस्तारम् ॥ ६ ॥

द्विशतादि चतुःशतकं यावत् पञ्चाशदभिवृद्ध्या ।
'पञ्चप्रमाणमेवं खर्वटविस्तार उद्दिष्टः ॥ ७ ॥

“द्विशतादिपङ्क्तिवृद्ध्या चत्वारिंशत्रिशतदण्डं स्यात्
"यावन्निगमे विपुलाः प्रोक्तास्त्रिःपञ्चभेदाश्च ॥ ८ ॥

शतदण्डे शतवृद्ध्या पञ्चशतं यावदुद्दिष्टम् ।
स्यात् कोत्मकोलकानां विपुलं पञ्चैव भेदेन ॥ ९ ॥ 

तावन्मानं प्रोक्तं पुरविपुले सूरिभिः प्राज्ञैः ।
यावत् पञ्चशतान्तं त्रिशतादारभ्य  सप्तधा मानम् ॥ १० ॥ 

पञ्चाशद्धनुवृद्ध्या विपुलं कथितं विडम्बस्य ।
"प्रागुपदिष्टं मानं ह्येतन्मानं तु वैतेषाम् ॥ ११ ॥

द्विगुणं त्रिपादमर्धं पादं तेषां मुखायतं विपुलात् ।
विपुले तु षडष्टांशे भागेनैकेन वायतं पुरतः  ॥ १२ ॥

[ वप्रविधानम् ]

चतुरश्रमायताश्रं वृत्तं वृत्तायतं च पुनः ।
स्याद् गोलवृत्तमेवं" वप्राकारास्तु' पञ्चैव  ॥ १३ ॥

पङ्क्त्यष्टसप्तपञ्चक चतुरंशैस्तत् कृते" विपुले ।
मुनिरसशरयुगशिखिभि”र्भागैर्वप्रावधिः प्रोक्तः ॥ १४ ॥

 द्वित्रिचतुर्हस्तं स्याद् विपुलं सालस्य तुङ्गे तु ।  
सप्तदशैकादशभिर्हस्तैरग्रं त्र्यंशोनम् ॥ १५ ॥

परितः परिखा बाह्येऽबाह्ये देवालयादीनि ।

[ वर्ज्यस्थानानि ]

पेचकभागाद्यासनभागान्तं चण्डितं प्रोक्तम् ॥ १६ ॥
सूत्रादीन्यथ विषमस्थानानि च वर्जयेन्मतिमान् ।



[ मार्गाः ]



प्रागुदगग्रं मार्गं तत्र यथेष्टं न्यसेद् विधिना ॥ १७ ॥ 

दण्डादिसप्तदण्डं यावद्” दण्डार्धवृद्ध्या तु। 

मार्गविशालाश्चैते त्रयोदशभेदाः समुद्दिष्टाः ॥ १८ ॥





TOWNS

Now I give the dimensions of towns followed by their plans.

Dimensions of towns

Going from three hundred poles up to eight thousand by successive increments of one hundred poles, seventy-eight widths are obtained for towns. Going from a hundred poles up to three hundred by successive increments of ten poles, twenty-one (widths) for very small towns are obtained.

The surrounding wall of the largest capital city measures sixteen thousand poles, diminishing to four thousand poles by successive reductions of five hundred poles gives twenty-five (possible perimeters for capitals).

la Going from three hundred poles to four hundred by successive incre ments of twenty poles, gives the widths of the six types of kheta: two superior, two medium and two inferior. From (four hundred poles) to four hundred and ninety-six there are six (possible) widths for dronamukha. From two hundred poles to four hundred by successive increments of fifty poles there are five possible widths for kharvata. From two hundred poles to three hundred and forty by successive increments of ten poles gives fifteen possible widths for nigama. From one hundred to five hundred poles by successive increments of one hundred poles gives five (possible) widths for kotmakolaka and, according to the sages, these widths apply to the pura as well. The width of vidamba goes from two hundred to five hundred poles giving seven possible widths with a difference of fifty poles between each.


The dimensions having been indicated, here are the proportions: the length is double the width or one and a quarter times it, otherwise the length exceeds the width by a sixth or an eighth.



The surrounding wall Square, rectangular, round, elliptical or perfectly circular, such are the five layouts for the walls. Their lengths may be seven-tenths, six eighths, five-sevenths, four-fifths or three-fourths of the perimeter (of the town?)."


The thickness of the (bottom of the) wall is two, three or four cubits; its height is seven, ten or eleven cubits: its thickness at the top is two thirds what it is at the bottom. There is a moat all around the exterior and inside are the temples...etc. 


Places to be avoided



Diagrams such as pecaka (with four squares) or asana (with a hundred squares) or those between them should be used; the sage must avoid (building) on their lines and on other forbidden places.7



Streets


A street should be planned there, or wherever desired, but starting at the north (or at the) east and according to the rules. From one pole to seven by successive increments of half a pole, there are thirteen (possible) breadths for the streets.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9F- गर्भविन्यासः Placing the foundation deposits]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3164 Mon, 12 Jul 2021 11:34:25 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3164
ग्रामादीनां च सर्वेषां गर्भविन्यासमुच्यते ॥ १०१ ॥ 

सगर्भ सर्वसम्पत्त्यै विगर्भ सर्वनाशनम् । तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन गर्भ सम्यग् विनिक्षिपेत् ॥ १०२ ।। 
मृत्कन्दधान्यसल्लोह" धातुरत्वेन्द्रनीलाद्यैः । पणेन गर्भद्रव्याणि निर्दोषाण्येव सङ्गृहेत् ॥ १०३ ॥

सलिलापूरिते श्वभ्रे मृदादीनि न्यसेद् बुधः ।धान्योपरि निधातव्यं ताम्रभाजनमभ्रमम् ॥ १०४ ॥ 
ताम्रभाजनविस्तारं पञ्चधा परिकीर्तितम् । रत्रिद्वादशपङ्क्त्यष्टचतुरङ्गुलमानतः।। १०५ ।। 
उन्नतं तावदेवं स्याद् वृत्तं स्याच्चतुरश्रकम् ।  हैमः सिंहस्तु रूप्येण वरुणे  सजलाधिपः ॥ १०८ ।। 
 माक्षिकं भृङ्गराजे स्याद् राजावर्तं सुकन्धरे । सपञ्चपञ्चकोष्ठं वा नवकोष्ठकमेव वा ॥ १०६॥ 
उपपीठपदे देवास्तस्मिन् पात्रे तु सम्मताः'  रजतेन वृषः  सूर्ये  वज्री  हाटकनिर्मितः ॥ १०७ ॥ 
यमे तु " " यमराजश्च शुल्बेनायसवारण:  । हैमः सिंहस्तु रूप्येण वरुणे  सजलाधिपः ॥ १०८ ।।
वाजी श्वेतमयः सोमे राजतो द्विजराजकः । ईशे वैकृन्तमनले त्रपु सीसं तु नैर्ऋते ॥ १०९ ॥
स्वर्णं समीरणे जातिहिङ्गुल्यं तु जयन्तके । हरितालं भृशे भागे वितथे तु मनःशिला ॥ ११० । 
माक्षिकं भृङ्गराजे स्याद् राजावर्तं सुकन्धरे । गैरिकं शोषभागे तु 14 गणमुख्येऽञ्जनं भवेत् ॥ १११ ॥ 
अदितौ दरदं विद्यादेवमेव न्यसेत् क्रमात् "  । चतुष्पदे च लोकेशाः स्थाप्याश्चाभ्यन्तराननाः ॥ ११२ ॥
षड्भिः पञ्चचतुस्त्रिद्विमात्रे बिम्बोदयं भवेत् । तदर्धं वाहनोत्सेधं स्थानकासनमेव वा ॥ ११३ ।। 
मुक्तापवत्से मरिचौ विद्रुमं सवितर्यथ । पुष्परागं च वैडूर्यं विवस्वति विनिक्षिपेत् ॥ ११४ ॥

वज्रमिन्द्रजये विद्यादिन्द्रनीलं तु मित्रके । रुद्रराजे महानीलं मरकतं तु महीधरे ॥ ११५ ॥
मध्यमे पद्मरागं तु विन्यसेद् गर्भभाजने । रत्नानि धातवश्चैव स्वस्वविस्तारभाजने ॥ ११६ ॥
तद्देवस्थानभावज्ञैरानीतानि निधापयेत् । हेमायस्ताम्ररूप्यैश्च स्वस्तिकानि चतुर्दिशि ॥ ११७ ॥
ब्रह्मस्थानाद् बहिष्ठानि पूर्वादौ स्थापयेत् क्रमात् । स्वर्णेन शालिं रूप्येण व्रीहिं चायसकोद्रवम् ॥ ११८ ॥
त्रपुकङ्कु सीसमाषं तिलं वैकृन्तकल्पितम् । मुद्नं चायोमयं ताम्रं कुलत्थमिति लोहजान्॥ ११९॥
भाजनाय बलिं दत्त्वा पश्चात् सर्वं निधापयेत् । अङ्गुलाधिकविस्तीर्णमायामं द्वादशाङ्गुलम् ॥ १२० ॥
पञ्चाङ्गुलेन वृद्धिः स्यादाद्वात्रिंशत्प्रमाणतः' खादिरं चेन्द्रकीलं स्यात् तस्याग्रं चित्रवृत्तकम् ॥ १२१॥ 
भाजनोपरि तत् स्थाप्यं गर्भन्यासविचक्षणैः । स्थानीये द्रोणमुखे खार्वटे प्रतिनागरे ॥ १२२ ॥ 
ग्रामे च निगमे खेटे पत्तने कोत्मकोलके । ब्रह्मण्यार्याकंभागेऽपि 160 विवस्वति यमे तथा ।। १२३ ।।
मित्रे च वरुणे चैव सोमे च पृथिवीधरे । द्वारदक्षिणदेशे वा होतेषां गर्भ इष्यते ॥ १२४
पुष्पदन्ते च भल्लाटे महेन्द्रे च गृहक्षते । विष्णुस्थाने श्रियः स्थाने स्कन्दस्थानेऽथवा पुनः ॥ १२५॥
स्थापयेद् ग्रामरक्षार्थ सर्वकामाभिवृद्धये गर्भमादौ विनिक्षिप्य बिम्बं तदुपरि न्यसेत् ॥ १२६ ॥
शिलेष्टकचिते खाते पुरुषाञ्जलिमात्रके । अनुक्तानां च सर्वेषामजभागादिषु न्यसेत् ॥ १२७ 
सुरक्षं तु यथागर्भ स्थपतिः स्थापयेत् स्थिरम् । अत्रानुक्तं तु तत् सर्व द्रष्टव्यं गर्भलक्षणे ॥ १२८ ॥
एव प्रोक्ता भूमितिर्देवतानां वर्णानां चाप्यत्र जात्यन्तराणाम् । ग्रामादीनां मानविन्यासमार्ग सालङ्कारं चारु संक्षिप्य तन्त्रात् ॥ १२९ ॥ 
दद्यान्नृपः स्थपतिकादिचतुष्टयेभ्यो मानादिकर्मनिपुणेभ्य इडां च गां च | नित्यं यथा जगति वित्तमनेकवस्तू न्याचन्द्रतारमधिवासभुवं मुदा सः॥ १३० ॥
       इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे प्रामविन्यासो" नाम नवमोऽध्यायः 


Placing the foundation deposits 


Now is elucidated the placing of the foundation deposit in villages and in other settlements. If there is a foundation deposit then success is ensured but, if not, failure is inevitable; the greatest care must therefore be taken in the laying of a comprehensive deposit including earths,  roots, grains, (grains represented in) metals, colouring substances and precious stones such as indranila sapphire. The elements chosen for a deposit should be flawless and are to have been purchased.

Having filled the (foundation) pit with water, the sage puts the  elements in place beginning with the earths; above the grains a flawless copper casket must be put, for which there are five (possible) widths which are: fourteen,67 twelve, ten, eight or four digits, the height being equal to the width. The casket may be either square or circular and it has twenty-five or nine compartments.

 If the container is in accordance with the upapitha diagram (and thus has twenty-five compartments) then the gods will be placed there as follows: Vajrin in gold and a silver bull in (the compartment corresponding to) Sürya, Yamarāja in copper and a gold elephant in the compartment of Yama, Jalädhipa in silver and a gold lion in that of Varuna, Dvijarāja in silver and a silver horse in that of Soma. In the compartment of Isa there should be mercury, in that of Anala tin, in that of Nirrti lead and in that of Samirana gold. In the compartment of Jayanta there is cinnabar, in that of Bhrsa orpiment, in that of Vitatha red arsenic, in that of Bhrigarāja pyrites, in that of Sukhandara lapis, in that of Sosa red chalk, in that of Ganamukhya" antimony and in that of Aditi red copper. This is to be properly understood and the elements arranged in order.

The lords of the cardinal points are installed facing the centre (of the casket) and in four compartments, their images are six, five, four, three or two digits high and their mounts half that height; they are either standing or seated.

. There is a pearl in the compartment of Apavatsa, coral in that of  Marici, a topaz in that of Savitr, a tiger's eye gem in that of Vivasvant, a diamond in that of Indraraja, an indranila sapphire in that of Mitraka, a mabanila sapphire in that of Rudraraja and an emerald in that of Mahidhara; a ruby is placed in the centre of the casket. The responsibility for the arranging of precious stones and colouring substances each at its proper place in the casket should devolve upon those well acquainted with their nature and with the placing of gods.

 Svastika in gold, iron, copper and silver should be set at the four  cardinal points. Around the compartment of Brahma and exterior to it, the following grains should be placed, starting from the east and in the given order: săli in gold, vrihi in silver, kodrava in iron, kanku in tin, măsa in lead, tila in mercury, mudga in iron and kulattha in copper."

When an offering has been made to the casket everything should be  arranged (in it). The length (of the board which is to cover the casket)7² is greater by one digit than its width and may be twelve digits to thirty-two by successive increments of five. Above is a perfectly circular stake in khadira wood which should be laid in place on top of the casket by those who know the rules relating to foundation deposits.

In sthaniya, dronamukha, kharvata, in towns of all types, in villages and in nigama, kheta, pattana and kotmakolaka the foundation deposit may be at the place of Brahma, that of Arya, that of Arka or those of Vivasvant, Yama, Mitra, Varuna, Soma or Prthividhara or, again it may be to the right of the gates situated at the places of Puspadanta, Bhallata, Mahendra or Grhaksata or it may be placed beneath the temples of Vişnu, Śrī or Skanda in order that the protection of the village may be guaranteed and all wishes accomplished.

Once the foundation deposit is in place an image is set up above it, in a pit lined with stones and bricks and the size of two cupped hands. (Images) (?) of all the gods not mentioned should be placed in the squares (of the diagram) starting with Aja.

The architect must install a solid (construction) well protected by the corresponding foundation deposit (?): he may look in the chapter dealing with foundation deposits for what is not given here.

Thus have been expounded the dimensions of sites suitable for gods and superior and inferior castes as well as the dimensions, street layouts and embellishments to settlements such as villages; this has been taken from the Tantra.

The prince is obliged to offer land and cows to the tetrad who are led by the architect and who are skilful in measuring. He who does this without reservation will gain riches in abundance and his kingdom will extend to the moon and stars as long as the world shall endure.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the ninth chapter: VILLAGES PLANNING.]]>
ग्रामादीनां च सर्वेषां गर्भविन्यासमुच्यते ॥ १०१ ॥ 

सगर्भ सर्वसम्पत्त्यै विगर्भ सर्वनाशनम् । तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन गर्भ सम्यग् विनिक्षिपेत् ॥ १०२ ।। 
मृत्कन्दधान्यसल्लोह" धातुरत्वेन्द्रनीलाद्यैः । पणेन गर्भद्रव्याणि निर्दोषाण्येव सङ्गृहेत् ॥ १०३ ॥

सलिलापूरिते श्वभ्रे मृदादीनि न्यसेद् बुधः ।धान्योपरि निधातव्यं ताम्रभाजनमभ्रमम् ॥ १०४ ॥ 
ताम्रभाजनविस्तारं पञ्चधा परिकीर्तितम् । रत्रिद्वादशपङ्क्त्यष्टचतुरङ्गुलमानतः।। १०५ ।। 
उन्नतं तावदेवं स्याद् वृत्तं स्याच्चतुरश्रकम् ।  हैमः सिंहस्तु रूप्येण वरुणे  सजलाधिपः ॥ १०८ ।। 
 माक्षिकं भृङ्गराजे स्याद् राजावर्तं सुकन्धरे । सपञ्चपञ्चकोष्ठं वा नवकोष्ठकमेव वा ॥ १०६॥ 
उपपीठपदे देवास्तस्मिन् पात्रे तु सम्मताः'  रजतेन वृषः  सूर्ये  वज्री  हाटकनिर्मितः ॥ १०७ ॥ 
यमे तु " " यमराजश्च शुल्बेनायसवारण:  । हैमः सिंहस्तु रूप्येण वरुणे  सजलाधिपः ॥ १०८ ।।
वाजी श्वेतमयः सोमे राजतो द्विजराजकः । ईशे वैकृन्तमनले त्रपु सीसं तु नैर्ऋते ॥ १०९ ॥
स्वर्णं समीरणे जातिहिङ्गुल्यं तु जयन्तके । हरितालं भृशे भागे वितथे तु मनःशिला ॥ ११० । 
माक्षिकं भृङ्गराजे स्याद् राजावर्तं सुकन्धरे । गैरिकं शोषभागे तु 14 गणमुख्येऽञ्जनं भवेत् ॥ १११ ॥ 
अदितौ दरदं विद्यादेवमेव न्यसेत् क्रमात् "  । चतुष्पदे च लोकेशाः स्थाप्याश्चाभ्यन्तराननाः ॥ ११२ ॥
षड्भिः पञ्चचतुस्त्रिद्विमात्रे बिम्बोदयं भवेत् । तदर्धं वाहनोत्सेधं स्थानकासनमेव वा ॥ ११३ ।। 
मुक्तापवत्से मरिचौ विद्रुमं सवितर्यथ । पुष्परागं च वैडूर्यं विवस्वति विनिक्षिपेत् ॥ ११४ ॥

वज्रमिन्द्रजये विद्यादिन्द्रनीलं तु मित्रके । रुद्रराजे महानीलं मरकतं तु महीधरे ॥ ११५ ॥
मध्यमे पद्मरागं तु विन्यसेद् गर्भभाजने । रत्नानि धातवश्चैव स्वस्वविस्तारभाजने ॥ ११६ ॥
तद्देवस्थानभावज्ञैरानीतानि निधापयेत् । हेमायस्ताम्ररूप्यैश्च स्वस्तिकानि चतुर्दिशि ॥ ११७ ॥
ब्रह्मस्थानाद् बहिष्ठानि पूर्वादौ स्थापयेत् क्रमात् । स्वर्णेन शालिं रूप्येण व्रीहिं चायसकोद्रवम् ॥ ११८ ॥
त्रपुकङ्कु सीसमाषं तिलं वैकृन्तकल्पितम् । मुद्नं चायोमयं ताम्रं कुलत्थमिति लोहजान्॥ ११९॥
भाजनाय बलिं दत्त्वा पश्चात् सर्वं निधापयेत् । अङ्गुलाधिकविस्तीर्णमायामं द्वादशाङ्गुलम् ॥ १२० ॥
पञ्चाङ्गुलेन वृद्धिः स्यादाद्वात्रिंशत्प्रमाणतः' खादिरं चेन्द्रकीलं स्यात् तस्याग्रं चित्रवृत्तकम् ॥ १२१॥ 
भाजनोपरि तत् स्थाप्यं गर्भन्यासविचक्षणैः । स्थानीये द्रोणमुखे खार्वटे प्रतिनागरे ॥ १२२ ॥ 
ग्रामे च निगमे खेटे पत्तने कोत्मकोलके । ब्रह्मण्यार्याकंभागेऽपि 160 विवस्वति यमे तथा ।। १२३ ।।
मित्रे च वरुणे चैव सोमे च पृथिवीधरे । द्वारदक्षिणदेशे वा होतेषां गर्भ इष्यते ॥ १२४
पुष्पदन्ते च भल्लाटे महेन्द्रे च गृहक्षते । विष्णुस्थाने श्रियः स्थाने स्कन्दस्थानेऽथवा पुनः ॥ १२५॥
स्थापयेद् ग्रामरक्षार्थ सर्वकामाभिवृद्धये गर्भमादौ विनिक्षिप्य बिम्बं तदुपरि न्यसेत् ॥ १२६ ॥
शिलेष्टकचिते खाते पुरुषाञ्जलिमात्रके । अनुक्तानां च सर्वेषामजभागादिषु न्यसेत् ॥ १२७ 
सुरक्षं तु यथागर्भ स्थपतिः स्थापयेत् स्थिरम् । अत्रानुक्तं तु तत् सर्व द्रष्टव्यं गर्भलक्षणे ॥ १२८ ॥
एव प्रोक्ता भूमितिर्देवतानां वर्णानां चाप्यत्र जात्यन्तराणाम् । ग्रामादीनां मानविन्यासमार्ग सालङ्कारं चारु संक्षिप्य तन्त्रात् ॥ १२९ ॥ 
दद्यान्नृपः स्थपतिकादिचतुष्टयेभ्यो मानादिकर्मनिपुणेभ्य इडां च गां च | नित्यं यथा जगति वित्तमनेकवस्तू न्याचन्द्रतारमधिवासभुवं मुदा सः॥ १३० ॥
       इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे प्रामविन्यासो" नाम नवमोऽध्यायः 


Placing the foundation deposits 


Now is elucidated the placing of the foundation deposit in villages and in other settlements. If there is a foundation deposit then success is ensured but, if not, failure is inevitable; the greatest care must therefore be taken in the laying of a comprehensive deposit including earths,  roots, grains, (grains represented in) metals, colouring substances and precious stones such as indranila sapphire. The elements chosen for a deposit should be flawless and are to have been purchased.

Having filled the (foundation) pit with water, the sage puts the  elements in place beginning with the earths; above the grains a flawless copper casket must be put, for which there are five (possible) widths which are: fourteen,67 twelve, ten, eight or four digits, the height being equal to the width. The casket may be either square or circular and it has twenty-five or nine compartments.

 If the container is in accordance with the upapitha diagram (and thus has twenty-five compartments) then the gods will be placed there as follows: Vajrin in gold and a silver bull in (the compartment corresponding to) Sürya, Yamarāja in copper and a gold elephant in the compartment of Yama, Jalädhipa in silver and a gold lion in that of Varuna, Dvijarāja in silver and a silver horse in that of Soma. In the compartment of Isa there should be mercury, in that of Anala tin, in that of Nirrti lead and in that of Samirana gold. In the compartment of Jayanta there is cinnabar, in that of Bhrsa orpiment, in that of Vitatha red arsenic, in that of Bhrigarāja pyrites, in that of Sukhandara lapis, in that of Sosa red chalk, in that of Ganamukhya" antimony and in that of Aditi red copper. This is to be properly understood and the elements arranged in order.

The lords of the cardinal points are installed facing the centre (of the casket) and in four compartments, their images are six, five, four, three or two digits high and their mounts half that height; they are either standing or seated.

. There is a pearl in the compartment of Apavatsa, coral in that of  Marici, a topaz in that of Savitr, a tiger's eye gem in that of Vivasvant, a diamond in that of Indraraja, an indranila sapphire in that of Mitraka, a mabanila sapphire in that of Rudraraja and an emerald in that of Mahidhara; a ruby is placed in the centre of the casket. The responsibility for the arranging of precious stones and colouring substances each at its proper place in the casket should devolve upon those well acquainted with their nature and with the placing of gods.

 Svastika in gold, iron, copper and silver should be set at the four  cardinal points. Around the compartment of Brahma and exterior to it, the following grains should be placed, starting from the east and in the given order: săli in gold, vrihi in silver, kodrava in iron, kanku in tin, măsa in lead, tila in mercury, mudga in iron and kulattha in copper."

When an offering has been made to the casket everything should be  arranged (in it). The length (of the board which is to cover the casket)7² is greater by one digit than its width and may be twelve digits to thirty-two by successive increments of five. Above is a perfectly circular stake in khadira wood which should be laid in place on top of the casket by those who know the rules relating to foundation deposits.

In sthaniya, dronamukha, kharvata, in towns of all types, in villages and in nigama, kheta, pattana and kotmakolaka the foundation deposit may be at the place of Brahma, that of Arya, that of Arka or those of Vivasvant, Yama, Mitra, Varuna, Soma or Prthividhara or, again it may be to the right of the gates situated at the places of Puspadanta, Bhallata, Mahendra or Grhaksata or it may be placed beneath the temples of Vişnu, Śrī or Skanda in order that the protection of the village may be guaranteed and all wishes accomplished.

Once the foundation deposit is in place an image is set up above it, in a pit lined with stones and bricks and the size of two cupped hands. (Images) (?) of all the gods not mentioned should be placed in the squares (of the diagram) starting with Aja.

The architect must install a solid (construction) well protected by the corresponding foundation deposit (?): he may look in the chapter dealing with foundation deposits for what is not given here.

Thus have been expounded the dimensions of sites suitable for gods and superior and inferior castes as well as the dimensions, street layouts and embellishments to settlements such as villages; this has been taken from the Tantra.

The prince is obliged to offer land and cows to the tetrad who are led by the architect and who are skilful in measuring. He who does this without reservation will gain riches in abundance and his kingdom will extend to the moon and stars as long as the world shall endure.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the ninth chapter: VILLAGES PLANNING.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9E- दौवारिकाः Divinities of the gates]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3163 Mon, 12 Jul 2021 11:15:00 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3163
चण्डेश्वरः कुमारो धनदः काली च पूतना चैव । कालीसुतच खड्गी चैते दौवारिकाः प्रोक्तयः ॥ ८३ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यमुखमैशं प्रामादिषु तत्परा शुभदम्। "विष्णुगृह सर्वमुखं ग्रामस्यान्तर्मुखं शुभदम् ॥ ८४ ॥
'शेषं पूर्वाभिमुखं मातृणामुत्तराभिमुखम् । प्रत्यग्द्वारे सौर गेहारम्भात पुरामरावासम् ॥ ८५ ॥''


[ वर्ज्यस्थानानि ]

हृदये वंशस्थाने शूले सूत्रे च सन्धौ च । कर्णसिरायां षट्के नोक्तान्यमरालयादीनि ॥ ८६ ॥

[ श्रेणिस्थानम् ]

गोशाला दक्षिणतश्चोत्तरदेशे तु पुष्पवाटी स्यात् । पूर्वद्वारोपान्ते पश्चिमतस्तापसावासम् ॥ ८७ ॥
सर्वत्रैव जलाशयमिष्टं वापी च कूपं च । वैश्यानां दक्षिणतः परितः सदनं तु  शूद्राणाम् ॥ ८८ ।। 
प्राच्यां वाऽप्युत्तरतो गेहं कुर्यात् कुलालानाम् । तत्रैव नापितानामन्यत्कर्मोपयुक्तानाम् ॥ ८९ ॥ 
मत्स्योपजीविनां स्याद् वासं वायव्यदेशे तु । पश्चिमदेशे मांसैरुपवृत्तीनां निवासः स्यात् ॥ ९० ॥ 
तैलोपजीविनां चैवोत्तरदेशे गृहश्रेणिः ।

[ गृहलक्षणम् ]

धनुभिस्त्रिपञ्चसप्तभिरथ ''नवभिर्गृहावधिः प्रोक्तः ॥ ९१ ॥

दण्डाभ्यामथ तस्मादायामं वर्धयेत् क्रमशः । व्यासद्विगुणावधिकं यावद् दैघ्यै ग्रहीतव्यम् ॥ ९२ ॥ 
तत्रैव हस्तमानैर्गेहं कुर्याद् यथाविधिना रुचकः स्वस्तिकमथवा नन्द्यावर्तं "" च सर्वतोभद्रम् ॥ ९३ ॥ 
स्याद् वर्धमानमेषामाकृत्या तच्चतुर्गृहं प्रोक्तम् । दण्डकशालालाङ्गलमथवा शूर्प यथेष्टं स्यात् ॥ ९४ ॥
ग्रामात् किञ्चिद्दूरे पावकदेशेऽथवा वायौ । वासः स्यात् स्थपतीनां शेषाणां तत्र कर्तव्यम् ॥ ९५ ॥ 
तस्मात् किञ्चिद्दूरे रजकादीनां निवासः स्यात् । चण्डालकुटीराणि पूर्वायां क्रोशमात्रे तु ॥ ९६ ॥ 
चण्डालयोषितस्तास्ताम्रायःसीसभूषणाः सर्वाः पूर्वाह्ने मलमोक्षक्रियोचिता ग्राममावेश्य ॥ ९७ ।। 
प्रागुत्तरदिशि दण्डैः पञ्चशतैः स्याच्छवावासम्  । शेषाणामपि तत्तद्दूरे देशे श्मशानं यात् ॥ ९८ ॥

[ विन्यासदोषाः ]

चण्डालचर्मकार  श्मशानतोयाशयापयानं च । देवगृहविश्वकोष्ठग्रामावृतदेशमार्गपरिवृत्तिः ॥ ९९ ॥ व्यसनं ग्रामविनाशो नृपभङ्गो भवति मरणं च । देवालयान्तरापणशून्यत्वं शोध्यसञ्चयं चापि ॥ १०० ॥ मार्गेऽशुद्धक्षेपणमीदृग् ग्रामस्य शून्यतादायि ॥ १०० ॥

Divinities of the gates

Candeśvara, Kumāra, Dhanada, Käli, Pütanä, Kälisuta and Khadgin are the divinities of the gates.53

Orientation of shrines

In settlements such as villages the temple of Isa is orientated towards either the east or the west; it is beneficial if turned towards the exterior of the (settlement). The dwelling of Vişnu may be orientated in any direction but is beneficial if turned towards the centre of the village. Other (shrines) are orientated towards the east but that of the Mothers is turned towards the north and the entrance of that of Sürya is in the west. The dwellings of the gods of a city should be built prior to the houses.

Locations to be avoided

These are the six places where there should be no temples or buildings of that kind: the heart (of the Spirit of the site) and its bones, the stakes, the lines (of the diagram), their intersections and the diagonals (and) parallels 

Planning

The cowshed should be to the south, the flower garden to the north and the dwelling of ascetics either near the eastern gate or to the west, A Tank or reservoir should be placed everywhere where water is required. The quarter for vaisya is to the south and that for südra on the periphery. The potters' houses are either to the east or to the north, where are Tound too those of barbers and other artisans; the fishermen's quarter is to the north-west and that of the butchers to the west and, lastly, the oil makers' quarter is to the north.

Houses

The width of houses should be three, five, seven or, at most, nine poles and the corresponding lengths are obtained by adding successively two poles to the width but should be such as not to exceed twice those widths. The house should then be built with the aid of dimensions calculated in cubits according to the rule. It may be a four main building house called rucaka, svastika, nandyavarta, sarvatobhadra or vardhamana according to its appearance; or else it may be a dandaka house (with one main building) or a längala one (with two) or a surpa one (with three). 



The dwellings of other sthapati" are to be erected at a distance from the village, to the south-east or to the north-west and a little farther away still are the quarters of the dyers and people of that ilk. Candala huts are a krośa to the east; the wives of the candäla wear jewellery in copper, iron and lead; upon entering the village in the morning. candăla must cleanse it of dirt. Five hundred poles to the north-east is the cremation ground and a little farther on is the cemetery for inferior classes, 

Errors in planning

If the house of candäla or curriers or the cemetery or well are badly placed or if there is any departure from the rule as regards temples, village (itself), visvakostba, surrounding territory or streets, then misfortune will result: destruction of the village, loss of the prince and death. Equally, if the temples and bazaars are empty and if heaps of dirt and filth are thrown into the streets the result will be the annihilation of the village.]]>
चण्डेश्वरः कुमारो धनदः काली च पूतना चैव । कालीसुतच खड्गी चैते दौवारिकाः प्रोक्तयः ॥ ८३ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यमुखमैशं प्रामादिषु तत्परा शुभदम्। "विष्णुगृह सर्वमुखं ग्रामस्यान्तर्मुखं शुभदम् ॥ ८४ ॥
'शेषं पूर्वाभिमुखं मातृणामुत्तराभिमुखम् । प्रत्यग्द्वारे सौर गेहारम्भात पुरामरावासम् ॥ ८५ ॥''


[ वर्ज्यस्थानानि ]

हृदये वंशस्थाने शूले सूत्रे च सन्धौ च । कर्णसिरायां षट्के नोक्तान्यमरालयादीनि ॥ ८६ ॥

[ श्रेणिस्थानम् ]

गोशाला दक्षिणतश्चोत्तरदेशे तु पुष्पवाटी स्यात् । पूर्वद्वारोपान्ते पश्चिमतस्तापसावासम् ॥ ८७ ॥
सर्वत्रैव जलाशयमिष्टं वापी च कूपं च । वैश्यानां दक्षिणतः परितः सदनं तु  शूद्राणाम् ॥ ८८ ।। 
प्राच्यां वाऽप्युत्तरतो गेहं कुर्यात् कुलालानाम् । तत्रैव नापितानामन्यत्कर्मोपयुक्तानाम् ॥ ८९ ॥ 
मत्स्योपजीविनां स्याद् वासं वायव्यदेशे तु । पश्चिमदेशे मांसैरुपवृत्तीनां निवासः स्यात् ॥ ९० ॥ 
तैलोपजीविनां चैवोत्तरदेशे गृहश्रेणिः ।

[ गृहलक्षणम् ]

धनुभिस्त्रिपञ्चसप्तभिरथ ''नवभिर्गृहावधिः प्रोक्तः ॥ ९१ ॥

दण्डाभ्यामथ तस्मादायामं वर्धयेत् क्रमशः । व्यासद्विगुणावधिकं यावद् दैघ्यै ग्रहीतव्यम् ॥ ९२ ॥ 
तत्रैव हस्तमानैर्गेहं कुर्याद् यथाविधिना रुचकः स्वस्तिकमथवा नन्द्यावर्तं "" च सर्वतोभद्रम् ॥ ९३ ॥ 
स्याद् वर्धमानमेषामाकृत्या तच्चतुर्गृहं प्रोक्तम् । दण्डकशालालाङ्गलमथवा शूर्प यथेष्टं स्यात् ॥ ९४ ॥
ग्रामात् किञ्चिद्दूरे पावकदेशेऽथवा वायौ । वासः स्यात् स्थपतीनां शेषाणां तत्र कर्तव्यम् ॥ ९५ ॥ 
तस्मात् किञ्चिद्दूरे रजकादीनां निवासः स्यात् । चण्डालकुटीराणि पूर्वायां क्रोशमात्रे तु ॥ ९६ ॥ 
चण्डालयोषितस्तास्ताम्रायःसीसभूषणाः सर्वाः पूर्वाह्ने मलमोक्षक्रियोचिता ग्राममावेश्य ॥ ९७ ।। 
प्रागुत्तरदिशि दण्डैः पञ्चशतैः स्याच्छवावासम्  । शेषाणामपि तत्तद्दूरे देशे श्मशानं यात् ॥ ९८ ॥

[ विन्यासदोषाः ]

चण्डालचर्मकार  श्मशानतोयाशयापयानं च । देवगृहविश्वकोष्ठग्रामावृतदेशमार्गपरिवृत्तिः ॥ ९९ ॥ व्यसनं ग्रामविनाशो नृपभङ्गो भवति मरणं च । देवालयान्तरापणशून्यत्वं शोध्यसञ्चयं चापि ॥ १०० ॥ मार्गेऽशुद्धक्षेपणमीदृग् ग्रामस्य शून्यतादायि ॥ १०० ॥

Divinities of the gates

Candeśvara, Kumāra, Dhanada, Käli, Pütanä, Kälisuta and Khadgin are the divinities of the gates.53

Orientation of shrines

In settlements such as villages the temple of Isa is orientated towards either the east or the west; it is beneficial if turned towards the exterior of the (settlement). The dwelling of Vişnu may be orientated in any direction but is beneficial if turned towards the centre of the village. Other (shrines) are orientated towards the east but that of the Mothers is turned towards the north and the entrance of that of Sürya is in the west. The dwellings of the gods of a city should be built prior to the houses.

Locations to be avoided

These are the six places where there should be no temples or buildings of that kind: the heart (of the Spirit of the site) and its bones, the stakes, the lines (of the diagram), their intersections and the diagonals (and) parallels 

Planning

The cowshed should be to the south, the flower garden to the north and the dwelling of ascetics either near the eastern gate or to the west, A Tank or reservoir should be placed everywhere where water is required. The quarter for vaisya is to the south and that for südra on the periphery. The potters' houses are either to the east or to the north, where are Tound too those of barbers and other artisans; the fishermen's quarter is to the north-west and that of the butchers to the west and, lastly, the oil makers' quarter is to the north.

Houses

The width of houses should be three, five, seven or, at most, nine poles and the corresponding lengths are obtained by adding successively two poles to the width but should be such as not to exceed twice those widths. The house should then be built with the aid of dimensions calculated in cubits according to the rule. It may be a four main building house called rucaka, svastika, nandyavarta, sarvatobhadra or vardhamana according to its appearance; or else it may be a dandaka house (with one main building) or a längala one (with two) or a surpa one (with three). 



The dwellings of other sthapati" are to be erected at a distance from the village, to the south-east or to the north-west and a little farther away still are the quarters of the dyers and people of that ilk. Candala huts are a krośa to the east; the wives of the candäla wear jewellery in copper, iron and lead; upon entering the village in the morning. candăla must cleanse it of dirt. Five hundred poles to the north-east is the cremation ground and a little farther on is the cemetery for inferior classes, 

Errors in planning

If the house of candäla or curriers or the cemetery or well are badly placed or if there is any departure from the rule as regards temples, village (itself), visvakostba, surrounding territory or streets, then misfortune will result: destruction of the village, loss of the prince and death. Equally, if the temples and bazaars are empty and if heaps of dirt and filth are thrown into the streets the result will be the annihilation of the village.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9d -Temple locations]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3162 Fri, 09 Jul 2021 14:05:07 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3162
एतस्याभ्यन्तरे विप्रदेवतास्थापनं भवेत् । शिवहम्यै च प्रामाण सर्व बाहोऽथवा भवेत् ॥ ६४ ।।
भूराजांशके वाऽपि पावके तु विनायकम् । ऐशश शिवहम्यै स्यात् सौम्ये वानान्तरेषु वा ।। ६५
बाहोऽस्य तु गृहश्रेणी मानेन विधिना कुरु । शैवानां परिवाराणां प्रोक्त स्थानमिहोच्यते ॥ ६६ ॥ 
सूर्यपदे सौर स्यादग्निपदे कालिकावेश्म । भृशभागे विष्णुगृह" याम्यायां षण्मुखस्थानम् ।। ६७ ।।
भृशभागे मृगांशे तु नैर्ऋत्यां केशवालयम् । सुप्रीर्वाांशे गणाध्यक्षः पुष्पदन्तपदेऽपि वा ।। ६८ ।।  


आर्यकभवनं निर्ऋते वरुणे विष्णोर्विमानं स्यात् । स्थानकमासनशयनं धाम्न्येतस्मिन् 7 क्रमेण चोर्ध्वतलात् ॥ ६९ ॥

अथवा मूलतलं घनमुपरितले स्थानकं प्रोक्तम् । "सुगतालयमथ सुगले भृङ्गनृपे चैव जिनधाम ॥ ७० ॥ 94 मदिरालयमथ वायौ मुख्ये कात्यायनीवासः ।

सोमे धनदगृहं वा मातॄणामालयं तत्र ।। ७१ ॥

ईशे शङ्करभवनं पर्जन्यांशे जयन्ते वा । “सोमे धनदगृहं वा शोषपदे वा विधातव्यम् ॥ ७२ ॥ तत्र गजाननभवनं ह्यदितौ वा मातृकोष्ठं स्यात् । मध्ये विष्णोर्धिष्ण्यं तत्र सभामण्डपं प्रोक्तम्” ॥ ७३ ॥ ब्रह्मस्थानैशाने वाग्नेय्यां वा सभास्थानम् । तदुदक्पश्चिमभागे हरिसदनं दक्षिणे परतः ॥ ७४ ॥ क्रूरसमेतं कर्म प्रत्ययमथ पञ्च मध्ये तु । युग्मायुग्मपदे च ब्रह्मस्थानेऽष्टनवभागे ॥ ७५ ॥ व्यपनीयाजं भागं प्रागादिषु दिक्षु च क्रमशः । ¨नलिनकभवनं स्वस्तिकनन्द्यावर्ती प्रलीनकं चैव 100 ॥ ७६ ॥ यच्छ्रीप्रतिष्ठिताख्यं '०' चतुर्मुखहर्म्य 102 तु पद्मसमम् । विष्णुच्छन्दविमानं त्रितलादिद्वादशतलान्तम् ॥ ७७ ॥
बहिरप्येवं सौधं 103 ग्रामादिषु तत्र विज्ञेयम् । स्थितमासीनं शयनं यत्र यदिष्टं तु तत्र तत् स्थाप्यम् ॥ ७८ 104 उत्कृष्टमध्यमाधमनीचादिकं क्रमेणैवम् । 105 भवनं ग्रामेषूदितमिति नीचं चोत्तमे न स्यात् ॥ ७९ ॥ क्षुद्रे क्षुद्रविमानं 106 यद्यत्रैवोचितं विधातव्यम् । त्रिचतुष्पञ्चतलं तद्धीने हीने 107 च सामान्यम् ॥ ८० ॥ ग्रामे वा नगरे वोत्कृष्टे देवालयं तु नीचं चेत् । नीचा भवन्ति पुरुषाः स्त्रियोऽपि दुःशीलतां यान्ति ॥ ८१ ।। तस्मात् सममधिकं वा तत्संख्येव 108 प्रयोक्तव्या । हरिहरसदनं वास्तुकमन्यत् सर्वं यथेष्टं स्यात् ॥ ८२ ॥


Temple locations

66a Inside that zone are installed brahmins and gods. Thus is the case for the Siva temple which may be outside the village as well. The temple of Vinayaka should be on the square of Bhrigarāja or that of Păvaka; the Siva temple is on the squares of Isa, Soma or of any other deity and living quarters with the prescribed dimensions are to be constructed around it. 42

The positions are now given for the attendant deities of Siva; the temple of Sura is on the square of Sürya, that of Kälikä on the square of Agni, the Vişnu temple is on the square of Bhrsa and the Sanmukha one on the square of Yama. The temple of (Visnu)-Keśava is on the square of Bhrsa, Mrga or Nirrti; the Ganadhyaksa temple is on the square of Sugriva or of Puspadanta; the Aryaka" temple is on the square of Nirrti. The shrine of Visnu is on the square of Varuna; Vişnu, in this shrine, may be shown successively standing, seated and reclining, starting from the top floor. Or else, the ground floor is massive and Vișnu is shown standing on the top floor." The temple of Sugata is on the Sugala square and that of Jina on the Bhrngaraja square. The shrine of Madira is on the Vayu square and that of Katyayani on the square of Mukhya. The shrine of Dhanada and that of the Mothers are the square of Soma and the Sankara temple on the square of Isa, Parjanya or Jayanta. Dhanada may be on the square of Soma or on that of Sosa where may also be found the Gajanana shrine. By the same token, the shrine of the 48 Mothers may be installed on the Aditi square.

5-75a The Visnu temple is at the centre where should be, as well, the pavilion for the assembly, placed on the north-eastern or south-eastern squares of the place of Brahma, the Hari temple being in its north-western or south-(western) parts. The consequences of constructing upon the five (remaining squares?) will without doubt be disastrous.

+78 According to whether the diagram is even or odd the place of Brahma is to be divided into eight or nine squares. Buildings of the nalinaka svastika, nandyavarta, pralinaka, śripratisthita, caturmukha and padmasana types should be built in each direction, starting from the east and avoiding the Aja square. There should also be a temple of the 
visnucchanda type; it should have from three to twelve storeys. It should be known that the (Vișnu) temple may be outside the village and that the (god) should be installed here in standing, seated and reclining positions, 51

2 It is laid down that, in the villages, there may be superior, medium, inferior or lowly buildings but that a lowly (building) should not be installed in a superior (village); if prescribed a small shrine may be built in a small village. A temple with three, four or five storeys is to be built in a small (village) and, as well, in a small village there should be a shrine of the same (class). If an inferior temple is built in a village or town of superior class the men there will become inferior and their women will incline towards undesirable conduct; according to this rule a temple should either be equal or superior to (the village).52 The temple of Harihara and any other building may be as desired (?).]]>
एतस्याभ्यन्तरे विप्रदेवतास्थापनं भवेत् । शिवहम्यै च प्रामाण सर्व बाहोऽथवा भवेत् ॥ ६४ ।।
भूराजांशके वाऽपि पावके तु विनायकम् । ऐशश शिवहम्यै स्यात् सौम्ये वानान्तरेषु वा ।। ६५
बाहोऽस्य तु गृहश्रेणी मानेन विधिना कुरु । शैवानां परिवाराणां प्रोक्त स्थानमिहोच्यते ॥ ६६ ॥ 
सूर्यपदे सौर स्यादग्निपदे कालिकावेश्म । भृशभागे विष्णुगृह" याम्यायां षण्मुखस्थानम् ।। ६७ ।।
भृशभागे मृगांशे तु नैर्ऋत्यां केशवालयम् । सुप्रीर्वाांशे गणाध्यक्षः पुष्पदन्तपदेऽपि वा ।। ६८ ।।  


आर्यकभवनं निर्ऋते वरुणे विष्णोर्विमानं स्यात् । स्थानकमासनशयनं धाम्न्येतस्मिन् 7 क्रमेण चोर्ध्वतलात् ॥ ६९ ॥

अथवा मूलतलं घनमुपरितले स्थानकं प्रोक्तम् । "सुगतालयमथ सुगले भृङ्गनृपे चैव जिनधाम ॥ ७० ॥ 94 मदिरालयमथ वायौ मुख्ये कात्यायनीवासः ।

सोमे धनदगृहं वा मातॄणामालयं तत्र ।। ७१ ॥

ईशे शङ्करभवनं पर्जन्यांशे जयन्ते वा । “सोमे धनदगृहं वा शोषपदे वा विधातव्यम् ॥ ७२ ॥ तत्र गजाननभवनं ह्यदितौ वा मातृकोष्ठं स्यात् । मध्ये विष्णोर्धिष्ण्यं तत्र सभामण्डपं प्रोक्तम्” ॥ ७३ ॥ ब्रह्मस्थानैशाने वाग्नेय्यां वा सभास्थानम् । तदुदक्पश्चिमभागे हरिसदनं दक्षिणे परतः ॥ ७४ ॥ क्रूरसमेतं कर्म प्रत्ययमथ पञ्च मध्ये तु । युग्मायुग्मपदे च ब्रह्मस्थानेऽष्टनवभागे ॥ ७५ ॥ व्यपनीयाजं भागं प्रागादिषु दिक्षु च क्रमशः । ¨नलिनकभवनं स्वस्तिकनन्द्यावर्ती प्रलीनकं चैव 100 ॥ ७६ ॥ यच्छ्रीप्रतिष्ठिताख्यं '०' चतुर्मुखहर्म्य 102 तु पद्मसमम् । विष्णुच्छन्दविमानं त्रितलादिद्वादशतलान्तम् ॥ ७७ ॥
बहिरप्येवं सौधं 103 ग्रामादिषु तत्र विज्ञेयम् । स्थितमासीनं शयनं यत्र यदिष्टं तु तत्र तत् स्थाप्यम् ॥ ७८ 104 उत्कृष्टमध्यमाधमनीचादिकं क्रमेणैवम् । 105 भवनं ग्रामेषूदितमिति नीचं चोत्तमे न स्यात् ॥ ७९ ॥ क्षुद्रे क्षुद्रविमानं 106 यद्यत्रैवोचितं विधातव्यम् । त्रिचतुष्पञ्चतलं तद्धीने हीने 107 च सामान्यम् ॥ ८० ॥ ग्रामे वा नगरे वोत्कृष्टे देवालयं तु नीचं चेत् । नीचा भवन्ति पुरुषाः स्त्रियोऽपि दुःशीलतां यान्ति ॥ ८१ ।। तस्मात् सममधिकं वा तत्संख्येव 108 प्रयोक्तव्या । हरिहरसदनं वास्तुकमन्यत् सर्वं यथेष्टं स्यात् ॥ ८२ ॥


Temple locations

66a Inside that zone are installed brahmins and gods. Thus is the case for the Siva temple which may be outside the village as well. The temple of Vinayaka should be on the square of Bhrigarāja or that of Păvaka; the Siva temple is on the squares of Isa, Soma or of any other deity and living quarters with the prescribed dimensions are to be constructed around it. 42

The positions are now given for the attendant deities of Siva; the temple of Sura is on the square of Sürya, that of Kälikä on the square of Agni, the Vişnu temple is on the square of Bhrsa and the Sanmukha one on the square of Yama. The temple of (Visnu)-Keśava is on the square of Bhrsa, Mrga or Nirrti; the Ganadhyaksa temple is on the square of Sugriva or of Puspadanta; the Aryaka" temple is on the square of Nirrti. The shrine of Visnu is on the square of Varuna; Vişnu, in this shrine, may be shown successively standing, seated and reclining, starting from the top floor. Or else, the ground floor is massive and Vișnu is shown standing on the top floor." The temple of Sugata is on the Sugala square and that of Jina on the Bhrngaraja square. The shrine of Madira is on the Vayu square and that of Katyayani on the square of Mukhya. The shrine of Dhanada and that of the Mothers are the square of Soma and the Sankara temple on the square of Isa, Parjanya or Jayanta. Dhanada may be on the square of Soma or on that of Sosa where may also be found the Gajanana shrine. By the same token, the shrine of the 48 Mothers may be installed on the Aditi square.

5-75a The Visnu temple is at the centre where should be, as well, the pavilion for the assembly, placed on the north-eastern or south-eastern squares of the place of Brahma, the Hari temple being in its north-western or south-(western) parts. The consequences of constructing upon the five (remaining squares?) will without doubt be disastrous.

+78 According to whether the diagram is even or odd the place of Brahma is to be divided into eight or nine squares. Buildings of the nalinaka svastika, nandyavarta, pralinaka, śripratisthita, caturmukha and padmasana types should be built in each direction, starting from the east and avoiding the Aja square. There should also be a temple of the 
visnucchanda type; it should have from three to twelve storeys. It should be known that the (Vișnu) temple may be outside the village and that the (god) should be installed here in standing, seated and reclining positions, 51

2 It is laid down that, in the villages, there may be superior, medium, inferior or lowly buildings but that a lowly (building) should not be installed in a superior (village); if prescribed a small shrine may be built in a small village. A temple with three, four or five storeys is to be built in a small (village) and, as well, in a small village there should be a shrine of the same (class). If an inferior temple is built in a village or town of superior class the men there will become inferior and their women will incline towards undesirable conduct; according to this rule a temple should either be equal or superior to (the village).52 The temple of Harihara and any other building may be as desired (?).]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9c : Gates]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3161 Fri, 09 Jul 2021 14:01:29 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3161
भल्लाटे च महेन्द्रे राक्षसपादे तु 74 पुष्पदन्तपदे ।

द्वारायतनस्थानं जलमार्गाश्चापि चत्वारः ॥ ५७ ॥

7वितथपदेऽथ जयन्ते सुग्रीवांशे च मुख्यदेवपदे ।

भृशपूषभृङ्गराजा'" दौवारिकशोष” नागदितिजलदाः ॥ ५

स्थानमुपद्वाराणामष्टौ देवा इमे कथिताः ।

त्रिकरं पञ्चकरं तत् सप्तकरं द्वारविस्तरम् ॥ ५९ ॥


तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं चाध्यधं वाङ्घ्रिहीनं तत् । सर्वेषां ग्रामाणां परितः परिखा बहिश्च वप्राश्च ॥ ६० ॥ ग्रामादयोऽपि नद्या दक्षिणतीरे तदन्वितायामाः । "नवनववसुवसुभागे मध्ये ब्राह्मं ततः परं दैवम् ॥ ६१ ॥ मानुषमथ पैशाचं क्रमशः सङ्कल्प्य युक्त्या तु । 80 दैविकमानुषभागे विप्राणां स्याद् गृहश्रेणी ॥ ६२ ॥ कर्मोपजीविनां स्यात् पैशाचे तत्र वा द्विजावासम् । तस्मिन् सुरगणभवनं क्रमशः प्रागादिषु स्थाप्यम् ॥ ६३




Gates

The gateways are established on the squares of Bhallata, Mahendra, Raksasa and Puspadanta; the four sewage outlets are on the squares of Vitatha, Jayanta, Sugriva and Mukhya; the eight secondary gates are on the squares of Bhrśa, Půșan, Bhṛngaraja, Dauvärika, Šoşa, Năga, Diti and Jalada.37 The breadth of the door is three, five or seven cubits and their height double, one and a half or one and three quarters of that. Every village must be surrounded by a moat and ramparts but the best villages are those located on a river and extending along its south bank.



b-63 In the diagram comprising eighty-one squares and in that with sixty four, the brahma zone in the centre and the daiva, mănușa and paisaca zones must be determined, one after the other. The dwellings of brahmins should be in the daiva and manusa zones and those of the 41 craftsmen in the paisaca zone, or the dwellings of brahmins are there and the temples of the hosts of gods should be placed there too, starting in the east.]]>
भल्लाटे च महेन्द्रे राक्षसपादे तु 74 पुष्पदन्तपदे ।

द्वारायतनस्थानं जलमार्गाश्चापि चत्वारः ॥ ५७ ॥

7वितथपदेऽथ जयन्ते सुग्रीवांशे च मुख्यदेवपदे ।

भृशपूषभृङ्गराजा'" दौवारिकशोष” नागदितिजलदाः ॥ ५

स्थानमुपद्वाराणामष्टौ देवा इमे कथिताः ।

त्रिकरं पञ्चकरं तत् सप्तकरं द्वारविस्तरम् ॥ ५९ ॥


तारद्विगुणोत्सेधं चाध्यधं वाङ्घ्रिहीनं तत् । सर्वेषां ग्रामाणां परितः परिखा बहिश्च वप्राश्च ॥ ६० ॥ ग्रामादयोऽपि नद्या दक्षिणतीरे तदन्वितायामाः । "नवनववसुवसुभागे मध्ये ब्राह्मं ततः परं दैवम् ॥ ६१ ॥ मानुषमथ पैशाचं क्रमशः सङ्कल्प्य युक्त्या तु । 80 दैविकमानुषभागे विप्राणां स्याद् गृहश्रेणी ॥ ६२ ॥ कर्मोपजीविनां स्यात् पैशाचे तत्र वा द्विजावासम् । तस्मिन् सुरगणभवनं क्रमशः प्रागादिषु स्थाप्यम् ॥ ६३




Gates

The gateways are established on the squares of Bhallata, Mahendra, Raksasa and Puspadanta; the four sewage outlets are on the squares of Vitatha, Jayanta, Sugriva and Mukhya; the eight secondary gates are on the squares of Bhrśa, Půșan, Bhṛngaraja, Dauvärika, Šoşa, Năga, Diti and Jalada.37 The breadth of the door is three, five or seven cubits and their height double, one and a half or one and three quarters of that. Every village must be surrounded by a moat and ramparts but the best villages are those located on a river and extending along its south bank.



b-63 In the diagram comprising eighty-one squares and in that with sixty four, the brahma zone in the centre and the daiva, mănușa and paisaca zones must be determined, one after the other. The dwellings of brahmins should be in the daiva and manusa zones and those of the 41 craftsmen in the paisaca zone, or the dwellings of brahmins are there and the temples of the hosts of gods should be placed there too, starting in the east.]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9b : Types of settlement]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3160 Fri, 09 Jul 2021 13:58:57 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3160 [ ग्रामभेदाः ]

द्विजकुलपरिपूर्णं वस्तु यन्मङ्गलाख्यं नृपवणिगभियुक्तं वस्तु यत्तत् पुरं स्यात् ।

तदितरजनवासं ग्राममित्युच्यतेऽस्मिन् मठमिति पठितं यत् तापसानां निवासम् ॥ ॥ ४० ॥


प्रागुदगग्रं मार्ग ककनीकृतदण्डवत्तु तन्मध्ये ॥ ४१ ॥ द्वारचतुष्टययुक्तं दण्डकमिति भण्यते मुनिभिः दण्डवदेका वीथी साप्येवं दण्डकं प्रोक्तम्” ॥ ४२ ॥ नवपदयुक्ते ग्रामे परितो मार्ग पदस्य तस्य बहिः । तस्मात् प्रागुदगग्रात् प्राग्वीथी दक्षिणाया सा ॥ ४३ ॥ तस्मात् प्राग्दक्षिणतो दक्षिणवीथी प्रतीचिमुखा Shis । तस्मादवागपरतः पश्चिमवीथ्यप्रमुत्तरतः ॥ ४४ ॥ 
अपरोत्तरतस्तस्मादुत्तरवीथ्यां मुखं प्राच्याम् । एतत् स्वस्तिकमुदितं स्वस्त्याकृत्या चतुर्मार्गम् ॥ ४५ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गस्त्रिभिरुदगग्रैस्त्रिभिश्चतुर्भिरथो । पञ्चभिरपि षट्सप्तभिरपि युक्तं" प्रस्तरं पञ्च ॥ ४६॥ 
प्रागग्रस्तु चतुर्भिर्द्वादशशिवपङ्क्ति नन्दवसुमार्गः । उदगग्रैरभियुक्तं ह्येतत् प्रोक्तं प्रकीर्णकं पञ्च ॥ ४७ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गः पञ्चभिरुदगग्रै" स्त्रयोदशभिः । त्रिःसप्तभिरथ तिथिभिः षोडशभिः सप्तदशभिरपि मार्गः ॥ ४८ ॥
युक्तं" नन्द्यावर्त दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारसंयुक्तम् । नन्द्यावर्ताकृत्या बाह्ये द्वारैरबाह्यतो मार्गैः ॥ ४९ ॥ 
“युक्तानेकैर्युक्तं नन्द्यावर्ताभमिदमुदितम् । आद्यैरष्टादशभिर्द्वाविंशत्यङ्गकै“रुदग्वक्त्रैः ॥ ५० ।।


षड्भिः प्राङ्मुखमार्गैर्युक्तं ह्येतत् परागमिति कथितम् । प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गैः सप्तभिरुदगप्रैस्विवेदशरैः ॥ ५१ ॥ 
षट्सप्तभिरपि युक्तैर्विंशतिभिः पञ्चधा पद्मम् ँ । अष्टभिरथ पूर्वाग्रैरुदगञैः साष्टविंशतिभिः ॥ ५२ ॥ 
आद्यैर्द्विः षोडशभिमर्गैिरन्त्यैर्युतं यत्तु । तच्छ्रप्रतिष्ठितं स्यादष्टविधं ग्राममुद्दिष्टम्” ॥ ५३ ॥ 
अथवा श्रीवत्सादिकमुपनेतव्यं " तु विन्यासम् । सर्वेषां ग्रामाणां नाभिं न प्रोतयेन्मतिमान् ॥ ५४ ॥ 
ग्रामे वाऽथ गृहे वा दण्डच्छेदोऽपि नैव कर्तव्यः । सकलाद्यासनकान्तं विन्यासार्थं पदं बुधैर्ग्राह्यम् ॥ ५५ ॥ 
क्षुद्रग्रामे मार्गाश्चत्वारश्चाष्ट मध्यमे ग्रामे । द्वादश षोडश मार्गा ग्रामेषूत्कृष्टकेषु मताः ॥ ५६॥




Types of settlement

A place where there are only brahmins is called mangala;25 that in habited by princes and merchants is a pura,26 the place inhabited by other people in this world is called grama; a place where ascetics dwell is called matha. 



1-42 The sages give the name dandaka to a village comprising a road going north and another east; both are rectilinear and cross at right angles to the centre. 28 This village has four gates. Dandaka is also the name for a village with one single road, straight as a pole.

3-45 A svastika village is one whose diagram consists of nine squares; all around is a street drawn outside these (nine) squares. One street starts in the north-east, goes towards the west and ends in the south; one goes from south-east to the north and ends in the west; another goes from the the north-east to the south and ends in the east. This village follows a svastika figure and comprises four (main) streets, 30

6 There are five types of prastara village, they comprise three streets

7

going from east to west and three, four, five, six or seven starting from north, 31 There are five types of prakirnaka village; they comprise four streets going from east (to west) and twelve, eleven, ten, nine or eight starting

from north.32

71

CHAPTER 9

52 There are five kinds of padma village; they comprise seven streets

going east-west, three, four, five, six or seven streets starting from the north and twenty crossroads. The sripratisthita village comprises eight streets starting in the cast and from twenty-eight to thirty-two starting in the north.

Eight types of villages have been described but a srivatsa or other

type of village may also be established. 55 In every village the sage begins by laying out the navel. Whether for village or house, only (dimensions in) whole numbers of poles must be used." To draw the plan the sages may use any diagram, from the sakala (with one square) to the asana (with one hundred), 35 There are four streets in the small village, eight in the medium one

and twelve (or) sixteen in the large,

8-50a The nandyavarta village comprises five streets going east-west and thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen or seventeen coming from the north; it has gates at the four cardinal points. Its plan resembles a nandyavarta figure, the gates being external to the figure, the streets inside it, and there being numerous crossroads; it is said to be in the form of nandyavarta.

A village with from eighteen to twenty-two streets from the north and la six from the east is called paraga.


There are five kinds of padma village; they comprise seven streets

going east-west, three, four, five, six or seven streets starting from the north and twenty crossroads. The sripratisthita village comprises eight streets starting in the cast and from twenty-eight to thirty-two starting in the north.

Eight types of villages have been described but a srivatsa or other

type of village may also be established. 55 In every village the sage begins by laying out the navel. Whether for village or house, only (dimensions in) whole numbers of poles must be used." To draw the plan the sages may use any diagram, from the sakala (with one square) to the asana (with one hundred), 35 There are four streets in the small village, eight in the medium one

and twelve (or) sixteen in the large,]]> [ ग्रामभेदाः ]

द्विजकुलपरिपूर्णं वस्तु यन्मङ्गलाख्यं नृपवणिगभियुक्तं वस्तु यत्तत् पुरं स्यात् ।

तदितरजनवासं ग्राममित्युच्यतेऽस्मिन् मठमिति पठितं यत् तापसानां निवासम् ॥ ॥ ४० ॥


प्रागुदगग्रं मार्ग ककनीकृतदण्डवत्तु तन्मध्ये ॥ ४१ ॥ द्वारचतुष्टययुक्तं दण्डकमिति भण्यते मुनिभिः दण्डवदेका वीथी साप्येवं दण्डकं प्रोक्तम्” ॥ ४२ ॥ नवपदयुक्ते ग्रामे परितो मार्ग पदस्य तस्य बहिः । तस्मात् प्रागुदगग्रात् प्राग्वीथी दक्षिणाया सा ॥ ४३ ॥ तस्मात् प्राग्दक्षिणतो दक्षिणवीथी प्रतीचिमुखा Shis । तस्मादवागपरतः पश्चिमवीथ्यप्रमुत्तरतः ॥ ४४ ॥ 
अपरोत्तरतस्तस्मादुत्तरवीथ्यां मुखं प्राच्याम् । एतत् स्वस्तिकमुदितं स्वस्त्याकृत्या चतुर्मार्गम् ॥ ४५ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गस्त्रिभिरुदगग्रैस्त्रिभिश्चतुर्भिरथो । पञ्चभिरपि षट्सप्तभिरपि युक्तं" प्रस्तरं पञ्च ॥ ४६॥ 
प्रागग्रस्तु चतुर्भिर्द्वादशशिवपङ्क्ति नन्दवसुमार्गः । उदगग्रैरभियुक्तं ह्येतत् प्रोक्तं प्रकीर्णकं पञ्च ॥ ४७ ॥ 
प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गः पञ्चभिरुदगग्रै" स्त्रयोदशभिः । त्रिःसप्तभिरथ तिथिभिः षोडशभिः सप्तदशभिरपि मार्गः ॥ ४८ ॥
युक्तं" नन्द्यावर्त दिक्षु चतुर्द्वारसंयुक्तम् । नन्द्यावर्ताकृत्या बाह्ये द्वारैरबाह्यतो मार्गैः ॥ ४९ ॥ 
“युक्तानेकैर्युक्तं नन्द्यावर्ताभमिदमुदितम् । आद्यैरष्टादशभिर्द्वाविंशत्यङ्गकै“रुदग्वक्त्रैः ॥ ५० ।।


षड्भिः प्राङ्मुखमार्गैर्युक्तं ह्येतत् परागमिति कथितम् । प्राक्प्रत्यग्गतमार्गैः सप्तभिरुदगप्रैस्विवेदशरैः ॥ ५१ ॥ 
षट्सप्तभिरपि युक्तैर्विंशतिभिः पञ्चधा पद्मम् ँ । अष्टभिरथ पूर्वाग्रैरुदगञैः साष्टविंशतिभिः ॥ ५२ ॥ 
आद्यैर्द्विः षोडशभिमर्गैिरन्त्यैर्युतं यत्तु । तच्छ्रप्रतिष्ठितं स्यादष्टविधं ग्राममुद्दिष्टम्” ॥ ५३ ॥ 
अथवा श्रीवत्सादिकमुपनेतव्यं " तु विन्यासम् । सर्वेषां ग्रामाणां नाभिं न प्रोतयेन्मतिमान् ॥ ५४ ॥ 
ग्रामे वाऽथ गृहे वा दण्डच्छेदोऽपि नैव कर्तव्यः । सकलाद्यासनकान्तं विन्यासार्थं पदं बुधैर्ग्राह्यम् ॥ ५५ ॥ 
क्षुद्रग्रामे मार्गाश्चत्वारश्चाष्ट मध्यमे ग्रामे । द्वादश षोडश मार्गा ग्रामेषूत्कृष्टकेषु मताः ॥ ५६॥




Types of settlement

A place where there are only brahmins is called mangala;25 that in habited by princes and merchants is a pura,26 the place inhabited by other people in this world is called grama; a place where ascetics dwell is called matha. 



1-42 The sages give the name dandaka to a village comprising a road going north and another east; both are rectilinear and cross at right angles to the centre. 28 This village has four gates. Dandaka is also the name for a village with one single road, straight as a pole.

3-45 A svastika village is one whose diagram consists of nine squares; all around is a street drawn outside these (nine) squares. One street starts in the north-east, goes towards the west and ends in the south; one goes from south-east to the north and ends in the west; another goes from the the north-east to the south and ends in the east. This village follows a svastika figure and comprises four (main) streets, 30

6 There are five types of prastara village, they comprise three streets

7

going from east to west and three, four, five, six or seven starting from north, 31 There are five types of prakirnaka village; they comprise four streets going from east (to west) and twelve, eleven, ten, nine or eight starting

from north.32

71

CHAPTER 9

52 There are five kinds of padma village; they comprise seven streets

going east-west, three, four, five, six or seven streets starting from the north and twenty crossroads. The sripratisthita village comprises eight streets starting in the cast and from twenty-eight to thirty-two starting in the north.

Eight types of villages have been described but a srivatsa or other

type of village may also be established. 55 In every village the sage begins by laying out the navel. Whether for village or house, only (dimensions in) whole numbers of poles must be used." To draw the plan the sages may use any diagram, from the sakala (with one square) to the asana (with one hundred), 35 There are four streets in the small village, eight in the medium one

and twelve (or) sixteen in the large,

8-50a The nandyavarta village comprises five streets going east-west and thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen or seventeen coming from the north; it has gates at the four cardinal points. Its plan resembles a nandyavarta figure, the gates being external to the figure, the streets inside it, and there being numerous crossroads; it is said to be in the form of nandyavarta.

A village with from eighteen to twenty-two streets from the north and la six from the east is called paraga.


There are five kinds of padma village; they comprise seven streets

going east-west, three, four, five, six or seven streets starting from the north and twenty crossroads. The sripratisthita village comprises eight streets starting in the cast and from twenty-eight to thirty-two starting in the north.

Eight types of villages have been described but a srivatsa or other

type of village may also be established. 55 In every village the sage begins by laying out the navel. Whether for village or house, only (dimensions in) whole numbers of poles must be used." To draw the plan the sages may use any diagram, from the sakala (with one square) to the asana (with one hundred), 35 There are four streets in the small village, eight in the medium one

and twelve (or) sixteen in the large,]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-9 : VILLAGES PLANNING]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3159 Fri, 09 Jul 2021 13:37:53 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3159 TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


नवमोऽध्यायः 
CHAPTER 9 : VILLAGES PLANNING


[ ग्रामविन्यासः ]

ग्रामादीनां मानं विन्यासं चापि वक्ष्यते विधिना ।

[ पुनर्मानोपकरणम् ]

दण्डानां पञ्चशतं क्रोशं’ तद्विगुणमर्धगव्यूतम् ॥ १ ॥ गव्यूतं तद्विगुणं ह्याष्टसहस्त्रं तु योजनं विद्यात् । अष्टधनुश्चतुरश्रा काकणिका तच्चतुर्गुणं माषम् ॥ २ ॥ माषचतुर्वर्तनकं॰ तत्पञ्चगुणं हि वाटिका कथिता' । वाटिकया युगगुणिता ग्रामकुटुम्बावनिः श्रेष्ठा ॥ ३ ॥ एवं भूगतमानं दण्डैस्तेषां तु वक्ष्यते मानम् ।

[ ग्रामादिमानम् ] ग्रामस्य शतसहस्त्रैर्दण्डैः पर्यन्तमानमिदमुक्तम्’ ॥४॥ विंशतिसहस्रदण्डात् तत्समवृद्ध्या तु पञ्चमानं स्यात् ।

ग्रामे विंशतिभागे कुटुम्बभूमिस्तदेकभागेन ॥ ५ ॥ "दण्डैः पञ्चशतैर्यद्धीनं ग्रामस्य मानमिदम् ।

तस्मात् पञ्चशतद्धर्चा" यावद् विंशत्सहस्त्रदण्डान्तम् ॥ ६ ॥ प्रोक्तं चत्वारिंशद्भेदं ग्रामस्य मानमिदम् । द्विसहस्रदण्डमानं" सार्धसहस्रं सहस्रदण्डं च ॥ ७ ॥ नवशतमथ सप्तशतं पञ्चशतं त्रिशतमिति च विस्तारम् । नगरस्य "सहस्रादिद्विसहस्रान्तं च दण्डमानं स्यात् ॥ ८॥ नगरस्याष्टसहस्त्रैर्दण्डैः पर्यन्तमानमिदम् । "द्विद्विसहस्रक्षयतो द्विसहस्रान्तं चतुर्विधं मानम् ॥ ९ ॥ " ग्रामः खेटः खर्वटमथ दुर्गं नगरमिति च पञ्चविधम् । दण्डैस्तेषां मानं वक्ष्येऽहं त्रित्रिभेदभिन्नानाम् ॥ १० ॥ चतुरधिकषष्टिदण्डो ग्रामः स्याद्धीनहीनमिति कथितः " । 17 ग्रामस्य मध्यमस्य द्विगुणं त्रिगुणं तथोत्तमं प्रोक्तम् ॥ ११ ॥ षट्पञ्चाशद्द्वशतं हीनं खेटं सविंशति त्रिशतम्। मध्यममुत्तममेवं सचतुरशीति त्रिशतदण्डम् ॥ १२ ॥ अष्टौ चत्वारिंशच्चतुःशतं द्वादशं च पञ्चशतम् । षट्सप्ततिपञ्चशतं” हीनं मध्योत्तमं च खर्वटकम् ॥ १३ ॥
 चत्वारिंशत्षट्शतमधमं दुर्गं चतुःसप्तशतदण्डम् । मध्यममुत्तमदुर्गं सप्तशतं षष्टिरष्टौ हि ॥ १४ ॥ द्वात्रिंशदष्टशतकं नगरं षण्णवत्यष्टशतदण्डम् । षष्टिर्नवशतमधमं मध्यममुत्कृष्टमिति यथासंख्यम्॥ १५॥ षोडशदण्डविवृद्ध्या प्रत्येकं नवविधं भवति । द्विगुणं त्रिपादमर्धं पादं तेषां मुखायतं विपुलात्” ॥ १६ ॥ व्यासषडष्टांशैकं22 चतुरश्रं वा यथेष्टं स्यात् । तस्मिन् विपुलायामे दण्डैरोजैः प्रमाणमात्तव्यम्॥ १७॥ शेषं वाटधरार्थं23 ग्रामादिषु सर्ववस्तुषु च ।


Now the dimensions and plans for villages and other settlements are set out according to the rule.

The system of measurements (cont.)

lb-2a It is to be known that five hundred poles (danda) make one krośa twice of which is half a gauyuta and twice that is a gavyuta; eight thousand poles are one yojana?

2b-fa

A square, eight poles square, is a kakani; four times that is a mâșa, four times which is a vartanaka, five times one vartanaka is a vatakā whose quadruple is the area precisely suitable for a family plot in a village (Kutumbatani should designate here an area of agricultural land (and not "a residential block general inhabited by kinsmen" as suggested by Dutt, op cit p. 203) Anbil copperplaten mention the gift of ten täfika of land as an ekahboga brahmadeya ). These are area measurements; herewith the dimensions of (villages) given in poles.

Dimensions of villages and other settlements

The largest size for a village is one hundred thousand poles; starting with twenty thousand poles and, with regular increments (of twenty thousand), five dimensions suitable for a village are obtained.(The dimensions given here are most probably those of the territory controlled by the settlement and not of the settlement itself (see 104 where the size of the biggest of the capitals is given as 16000 poles)
The plot intended for a family occupies one-twentieth of the village (?)."

The smallest size for a village is five hundred poles; by starting with this figure and proceeding to twenty thousand poles by successive increments of five hundred poles, forty dimensions suitable for villages are obtained. 

5-8a The width (of village) is two thousand poles, one thousand five hundred, one thousand, nine hundred, seven hundred, five hundred or

three hundred poles. The dimensions of a town (nagara), given in poles, are from one thousand to two thousand. The largest size for a town is eight thousand poles; (starting with this figure) and reducing it successively by two thousand, four sizes for a town are obtained, 5-9a

Village, kheta, kharvata, fort and town: these are the five (settlements) for which I am going to give the dimensions in poles with three variations for each.

The smallest village is said to be sixty-four poles (wide), the medium village is twice that wi and the large one triple. A small kheta is two hundred and sixty-six poles, a medium one three hundred and twenty and a large one three hundred and eighty-four. The respective dimensions of small, medium and large kharvata are four hundred and forty-eight, five hundred and twelve and five hundred and seventy-six poles.

A small fort is six hundred and forty poles (wide), a medium one, seven hundred and four and a large one, seven hundred and sixty-eight. Small, medium and large towns are respectively, eight hundred and thirty-two, eight hundred and ninety-six and nine hundred and sixty poles wide.

If sixteen pole increment are used, there are nine more possibilities for each. The length is double the width or three quarters, one half or a quarter (greater) or may be a sixth or eighth (more); otherwise the plan may be square if so desired.

The basic dimensions (of the settlement) will be taken from that width and length making an odd number of poles; the remainder will belong to the area which is not built up,10 this is the procedure for all sites such as villages etc....]]> TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


नवमोऽध्यायः 
CHAPTER 9 : VILLAGES PLANNING


[ ग्रामविन्यासः ]

ग्रामादीनां मानं विन्यासं चापि वक्ष्यते विधिना ।

[ पुनर्मानोपकरणम् ]

दण्डानां पञ्चशतं क्रोशं’ तद्विगुणमर्धगव्यूतम् ॥ १ ॥ गव्यूतं तद्विगुणं ह्याष्टसहस्त्रं तु योजनं विद्यात् । अष्टधनुश्चतुरश्रा काकणिका तच्चतुर्गुणं माषम् ॥ २ ॥ माषचतुर्वर्तनकं॰ तत्पञ्चगुणं हि वाटिका कथिता' । वाटिकया युगगुणिता ग्रामकुटुम्बावनिः श्रेष्ठा ॥ ३ ॥ एवं भूगतमानं दण्डैस्तेषां तु वक्ष्यते मानम् ।

[ ग्रामादिमानम् ] ग्रामस्य शतसहस्त्रैर्दण्डैः पर्यन्तमानमिदमुक्तम्’ ॥४॥ विंशतिसहस्रदण्डात् तत्समवृद्ध्या तु पञ्चमानं स्यात् ।

ग्रामे विंशतिभागे कुटुम्बभूमिस्तदेकभागेन ॥ ५ ॥ "दण्डैः पञ्चशतैर्यद्धीनं ग्रामस्य मानमिदम् ।

तस्मात् पञ्चशतद्धर्चा" यावद् विंशत्सहस्त्रदण्डान्तम् ॥ ६ ॥ प्रोक्तं चत्वारिंशद्भेदं ग्रामस्य मानमिदम् । द्विसहस्रदण्डमानं" सार्धसहस्रं सहस्रदण्डं च ॥ ७ ॥ नवशतमथ सप्तशतं पञ्चशतं त्रिशतमिति च विस्तारम् । नगरस्य "सहस्रादिद्विसहस्रान्तं च दण्डमानं स्यात् ॥ ८॥ नगरस्याष्टसहस्त्रैर्दण्डैः पर्यन्तमानमिदम् । "द्विद्विसहस्रक्षयतो द्विसहस्रान्तं चतुर्विधं मानम् ॥ ९ ॥ " ग्रामः खेटः खर्वटमथ दुर्गं नगरमिति च पञ्चविधम् । दण्डैस्तेषां मानं वक्ष्येऽहं त्रित्रिभेदभिन्नानाम् ॥ १० ॥ चतुरधिकषष्टिदण्डो ग्रामः स्याद्धीनहीनमिति कथितः " । 17 ग्रामस्य मध्यमस्य द्विगुणं त्रिगुणं तथोत्तमं प्रोक्तम् ॥ ११ ॥ षट्पञ्चाशद्द्वशतं हीनं खेटं सविंशति त्रिशतम्। मध्यममुत्तममेवं सचतुरशीति त्रिशतदण्डम् ॥ १२ ॥ अष्टौ चत्वारिंशच्चतुःशतं द्वादशं च पञ्चशतम् । षट्सप्ततिपञ्चशतं” हीनं मध्योत्तमं च खर्वटकम् ॥ १३ ॥
 चत्वारिंशत्षट्शतमधमं दुर्गं चतुःसप्तशतदण्डम् । मध्यममुत्तमदुर्गं सप्तशतं षष्टिरष्टौ हि ॥ १४ ॥ द्वात्रिंशदष्टशतकं नगरं षण्णवत्यष्टशतदण्डम् । षष्टिर्नवशतमधमं मध्यममुत्कृष्टमिति यथासंख्यम्॥ १५॥ षोडशदण्डविवृद्ध्या प्रत्येकं नवविधं भवति । द्विगुणं त्रिपादमर्धं पादं तेषां मुखायतं विपुलात्” ॥ १६ ॥ व्यासषडष्टांशैकं22 चतुरश्रं वा यथेष्टं स्यात् । तस्मिन् विपुलायामे दण्डैरोजैः प्रमाणमात्तव्यम्॥ १७॥ शेषं वाटधरार्थं23 ग्रामादिषु सर्ववस्तुषु च ।


Now the dimensions and plans for villages and other settlements are set out according to the rule.

The system of measurements (cont.)

lb-2a It is to be known that five hundred poles (danda) make one krośa twice of which is half a gauyuta and twice that is a gavyuta; eight thousand poles are one yojana?

2b-fa

A square, eight poles square, is a kakani; four times that is a mâșa, four times which is a vartanaka, five times one vartanaka is a vatakā whose quadruple is the area precisely suitable for a family plot in a village (Kutumbatani should designate here an area of agricultural land (and not "a residential block general inhabited by kinsmen" as suggested by Dutt, op cit p. 203) Anbil copperplaten mention the gift of ten täfika of land as an ekahboga brahmadeya ). These are area measurements; herewith the dimensions of (villages) given in poles.

Dimensions of villages and other settlements

The largest size for a village is one hundred thousand poles; starting with twenty thousand poles and, with regular increments (of twenty thousand), five dimensions suitable for a village are obtained.(The dimensions given here are most probably those of the territory controlled by the settlement and not of the settlement itself (see 104 where the size of the biggest of the capitals is given as 16000 poles)
The plot intended for a family occupies one-twentieth of the village (?)."

The smallest size for a village is five hundred poles; by starting with this figure and proceeding to twenty thousand poles by successive increments of five hundred poles, forty dimensions suitable for villages are obtained. 

5-8a The width (of village) is two thousand poles, one thousand five hundred, one thousand, nine hundred, seven hundred, five hundred or

three hundred poles. The dimensions of a town (nagara), given in poles, are from one thousand to two thousand. The largest size for a town is eight thousand poles; (starting with this figure) and reducing it successively by two thousand, four sizes for a town are obtained, 5-9a

Village, kheta, kharvata, fort and town: these are the five (settlements) for which I am going to give the dimensions in poles with three variations for each.

The smallest village is said to be sixty-four poles (wide), the medium village is twice that wi and the large one triple. A small kheta is two hundred and sixty-six poles, a medium one three hundred and twenty and a large one three hundred and eighty-four. The respective dimensions of small, medium and large kharvata are four hundred and forty-eight, five hundred and twelve and five hundred and seventy-six poles.

A small fort is six hundred and forty poles (wide), a medium one, seven hundred and four and a large one, seven hundred and sixty-eight. Small, medium and large towns are respectively, eight hundred and thirty-two, eight hundred and ninety-six and nine hundred and sixty poles wide.

If sixteen pole increment are used, there are nine more possibilities for each. The length is double the width or three quarters, one half or a quarter (greater) or may be a sixth or eighth (more); otherwise the plan may be square if so desired.

The basic dimensions (of the settlement) will be taken from that width and length making an odd number of poles; the remainder will belong to the area which is not built up,10 this is the procedure for all sites such as villages etc....]]> <![CDATA[Mayamatam मयमतम् - chapter-8 OFFERINGS]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3158 Fri, 09 Jul 2021 13:29:04 +0000 Manish Jain]]> https://frontdesk.co.in/forum/showthread.php?tid=3158 Mayamatam मयमतम् 

TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


अथाष्टमोऽध्यायः 
CHAPTER 8


[ बलिकर्म ]

'देवानां स्वपदस्थानां' बलिकर्म विधीयते । सामान्याहत्यमार्गेण ब्रह्मादीनां यथाक्रमम् ॥ १॥

[ आहत्यबलिः ]

गन्धमाल्यैश्च धूपेन पयसा मधुसर्पिषा । पायसौदनलाजैश्च ब्रह्मस्थानं समर्चयेत् ॥ २ ॥ आर्यके फलभक्ष्यं स्यान्माषान्नं* च तिलानि च । विवस्वति विनिक्षिप्तं दधि दूर्वा' च मित्रके ॥ ३ ॥ 'महीधरे भवेद् दुग्धमेवमन्तर्बलिः स्मृतः १० । पर्जन्यस्याज्यमैन्द्रस्य" नवनीतं " सपुष्पकम् ॥ ॥ ४ ॥ 
"इन्द्रे कोष्ठं च पुष्पं "च मधु कन्दाश्च भास्करे" । सत्यके मधुकं दद्याद् भृशाय" नवनीतकम् ॥ ५ ॥ माषं रजनिचूर्णं च गगनस्य बलिं ददेत्" । दुग्धाज्यं तगरं" वह्नेः शिम्बान्नं पूष्णि" पायसम् ॥ ६ ॥
कङ्क्वन्नं वितथे" शीधु" राक्षसे बलिरिष्यते । शिम्बान्नं कुसरं याम्ये गन्धर्वेऽखिलगन्धकम् ॥ ७ ॥


भृङ्गराजेऽब्धिमत्स्यः स्यान्मृषे“ मत्स्यौदनं” विदुः । निर्ऋतौ तैलपिण्याकं 28 बीजं दौवारिके बलिः ॥ ८ ॥ 
सुग्रीवे मोदकं” पुष्पदन्तके॰ पुष्पतोयकम् । 3'वरुणे पायसं धान्यं2 शोणितेनासुरे बलिः ॥ ९ ॥ सतिलं तण्डुलं शोषे रोगे स्याच्छुष्कमत्स्यकम्” । 33 34स्विन्नं 35 हारिद्रकं 36 वायौ नागे मद्यं च लाजकम् ॥ १० ॥ 37 धान्यचूर्णं हि मुख्यस्य दधि सर्पिश्च सम्मतम् । 3गुलौदनं तु भल्लाटे सोमे दुग्धौदनं॰ ददेत्” ॥ ११ ॥ 
शुष्कमांसं मृगे दद्याद् देवमातरि 2 मोदकम् 3 । उदितौ तिलभक्ष्येण क्षीरानं सर्पिरीशके ॥ १२ ॥ 
लाजं धान्यं सविन्द्रस्य " साविन्द्रे'S गन्धतोयकम् । बस्तमेदस्तथा मुद्गचूर्णमिन्द्रेन्द्रराजयोः ॥ १३ ॥ 
 रुद्रे रुद्रजये मांस स्विन्नमापापवत्सयोः । कुमुदं मत्स्यमांसं च शङ्खकच्छपमांसकम् ॥ १४॥ 
मद्यमाज्यं चरक्यास्तु विदार्या लवणो बलिः । पूतनायास्तिलं पिष्टमन्याया मुद्गसारकम् ॥ १५ ॥
[ साधारणबलिः ]

साधारणबलिः शुद्धभोजनं सधृतं दधि । सर्वेषामपि देवानां गन्धादीनि ददेत् क्रमात्" ॥ १६ ॥

कन्यका वाऽथ वेश्या वा बलिधारणयोग्यकाः । अङ्गन्यासकरन्यासैः पूतचेता” यथाक्रमम् ॥ १७ ॥ ओङ्कारादिनमोन्तेन स्वस्वनामाभिधाय च ।

दत्वा पूर्वं जलं' पश्चात् साधारणबलिं ददेत् ॥ १८ ॥ “तत्तद्योग्यबलिं पश्चाद् देयं” तोयं तथा “ बुधैः ।

ग्रामादीनां तु मण्डूकपदे” परमशायिके ॥ १९ ॥

सन्तर्प्य देवता ह्येवं पूर्वोक्तविधिना क्रमात्” । विसर्जयेत् ततो देवान् विन्यासार्थं तु मन्त्रवत्” ॥ २० ॥
 ब्रह्माणं बाह्यदेवांश्च तत्तदुक्तपदे न्यसेत् ।

"देवालयविधानार्थं द्वारार्थं 2 ते प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ २१ ॥ शेषाश्च निष्पदाः सर्वे रक्षार्थं तु निवेशिताः । एवं ग्रामादिषु प्रोक्तं रहस्यमिदमीरितम् ॥ २२ ॥

कृतोपवासः स्थपतिः प्रभाते विशुद्धदेहोऽविकलं गृहीत्वा ।

विशेषसामान्यबलिं सुराणां यथोक्तनीत्या विदधीत सम्यक् ॥ २३ ॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे बलिकर्मविधानो नाम अष्टमोऽध्यायः




It is prescribed that offerings should be made to each god in his own place; individual and common offerings are made starting with that to Brahmä.²

Individual offerings

The place of Brahma is to be honoured with perfumes and garlands, incense, milk, honey and ghee, rice boiled in milk and roasted rice. The offering at the place of Aryaka is a cake of fruits as well as cooked beans and sesame seeds. Curd is prescribed for Vivasvant, durva grass for Mitra and for Mahidhara, milk. These are the offerings to the (gods) of the interior.

(At the place of) Parjanya the offering should be clarified butter and at that of Aindra, fresh butter and flowers. Entrails and flowers are the offerings for Indra, honey and onions for Bhaskara and, for Satyaka, honey. Fresh butter is offered to Bhrsa; the offering to Gagana is beans and orpiment, that to Vahni, milk, ghee and tagara powder and the offering to Puşan is vegetables and milk. An offering of cooked kanku is prescribed for Vitatha, one of intoxicating juice for Räksasa, of vegetables and boiled rice for Yama and, for Gandharva, an offering of pure perfume.



Sea fish is offered to Bhrgaraja and rice with fish to Mrsa. A sesame oil cake is offered to Nirrti" and a seed (of sesame) to Dauvärika, a cake is offered to Sugriva and, to Puspadanta, flowers and water. Rice and milk is the offering intended for Varuna and, for Asura, blood. The offering to Sosa should be rice with sesame, to Roga, dried fish, to Väyu, fat and orpiment and to Näga, wine and roasted rice. Flour, curds and ghee should be offered to Mukhya, to Bhallata, cooked rice with molasses and, to Soma, milk rice. Dried meat is to be offered to Mrga, cake to the Mother of the gods, sesame rice to Uditi and rice and ghee to Išaka.

Roasted rice is required for Savindra and perfumed water for Sävindra, for Indra and Indraraja, goat's fat and crushed beans, for Rudra and Rudrajaya, meat and fat and, for Apa and Apavatsa, lotus and the flesh of shellfish and tortoise.

The offering to Caraki is wine and roasted rice, to Vidări it is salt, to Putana, pista and, to the last (who is Paparakṣasi), bean water.

The common offering

5-17 All the gods in succession should then be presented with the common offering which consists of pure food with ghee and curds and

Elsewbere Pitt.

7. Aditi is the mother of the gods.


of perfumes (etc.). A young girl or a courtesan should be called to carry the offerings; she will first have purified her mind by means of impositions on limbs and hands.

After each deity has been hailed by name with a formula beginning 'OM' and ending 'NAMAS' and after water has been offered, the common offering should be made and then that appropriate to each god; next water is again offered. It is thus that the sages proceed at the time of the founding of villages and other settlements, using manduka or paramaśayin diagrams.?

The gods being appeased thus one after the other, according to the ritual, they should be dismissed with a formula in order that the layout of the construction may be set up.

Brahma and the exterior deities are to be installed, each in his place; (their positions) are intended for temples and gateways.10 The others, and all those without specific positions, are assigned to protect the site, 

The secret ritual pertaining to villages... etc. has thus been revealed.

At dawn, the architect, having fasted, purified his mind and under stood all things, must apportion amongst the gods the common and particular offerings according to the rules given above.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eighth chapter: RULES FOR OFFERINGS.]]> Mayamatam मयमतम् 

TREATISE OF HOUSING, ARCHITECTURE AND ICONOGRAPHY
by bruno dagens, Authentic book on ancient vastu sastra


अथाष्टमोऽध्यायः 
CHAPTER 8


[ बलिकर्म ]

'देवानां स्वपदस्थानां' बलिकर्म विधीयते । सामान्याहत्यमार्गेण ब्रह्मादीनां यथाक्रमम् ॥ १॥

[ आहत्यबलिः ]

गन्धमाल्यैश्च धूपेन पयसा मधुसर्पिषा । पायसौदनलाजैश्च ब्रह्मस्थानं समर्चयेत् ॥ २ ॥ आर्यके फलभक्ष्यं स्यान्माषान्नं* च तिलानि च । विवस्वति विनिक्षिप्तं दधि दूर्वा' च मित्रके ॥ ३ ॥ 'महीधरे भवेद् दुग्धमेवमन्तर्बलिः स्मृतः १० । पर्जन्यस्याज्यमैन्द्रस्य" नवनीतं " सपुष्पकम् ॥ ॥ ४ ॥ 
"इन्द्रे कोष्ठं च पुष्पं "च मधु कन्दाश्च भास्करे" । सत्यके मधुकं दद्याद् भृशाय" नवनीतकम् ॥ ५ ॥ माषं रजनिचूर्णं च गगनस्य बलिं ददेत्" । दुग्धाज्यं तगरं" वह्नेः शिम्बान्नं पूष्णि" पायसम् ॥ ६ ॥
कङ्क्वन्नं वितथे" शीधु" राक्षसे बलिरिष्यते । शिम्बान्नं कुसरं याम्ये गन्धर्वेऽखिलगन्धकम् ॥ ७ ॥


भृङ्गराजेऽब्धिमत्स्यः स्यान्मृषे“ मत्स्यौदनं” विदुः । निर्ऋतौ तैलपिण्याकं 28 बीजं दौवारिके बलिः ॥ ८ ॥ 
सुग्रीवे मोदकं” पुष्पदन्तके॰ पुष्पतोयकम् । 3'वरुणे पायसं धान्यं2 शोणितेनासुरे बलिः ॥ ९ ॥ सतिलं तण्डुलं शोषे रोगे स्याच्छुष्कमत्स्यकम्” । 33 34स्विन्नं 35 हारिद्रकं 36 वायौ नागे मद्यं च लाजकम् ॥ १० ॥ 37 धान्यचूर्णं हि मुख्यस्य दधि सर्पिश्च सम्मतम् । 3गुलौदनं तु भल्लाटे सोमे दुग्धौदनं॰ ददेत्” ॥ ११ ॥ 
शुष्कमांसं मृगे दद्याद् देवमातरि 2 मोदकम् 3 । उदितौ तिलभक्ष्येण क्षीरानं सर्पिरीशके ॥ १२ ॥ 
लाजं धान्यं सविन्द्रस्य " साविन्द्रे'S गन्धतोयकम् । बस्तमेदस्तथा मुद्गचूर्णमिन्द्रेन्द्रराजयोः ॥ १३ ॥ 
 रुद्रे रुद्रजये मांस स्विन्नमापापवत्सयोः । कुमुदं मत्स्यमांसं च शङ्खकच्छपमांसकम् ॥ १४॥ 
मद्यमाज्यं चरक्यास्तु विदार्या लवणो बलिः । पूतनायास्तिलं पिष्टमन्याया मुद्गसारकम् ॥ १५ ॥
[ साधारणबलिः ]

साधारणबलिः शुद्धभोजनं सधृतं दधि । सर्वेषामपि देवानां गन्धादीनि ददेत् क्रमात्" ॥ १६ ॥

कन्यका वाऽथ वेश्या वा बलिधारणयोग्यकाः । अङ्गन्यासकरन्यासैः पूतचेता” यथाक्रमम् ॥ १७ ॥ ओङ्कारादिनमोन्तेन स्वस्वनामाभिधाय च ।

दत्वा पूर्वं जलं' पश्चात् साधारणबलिं ददेत् ॥ १८ ॥ “तत्तद्योग्यबलिं पश्चाद् देयं” तोयं तथा “ बुधैः ।

ग्रामादीनां तु मण्डूकपदे” परमशायिके ॥ १९ ॥

सन्तर्प्य देवता ह्येवं पूर्वोक्तविधिना क्रमात्” । विसर्जयेत् ततो देवान् विन्यासार्थं तु मन्त्रवत्” ॥ २० ॥
 ब्रह्माणं बाह्यदेवांश्च तत्तदुक्तपदे न्यसेत् ।

"देवालयविधानार्थं द्वारार्थं 2 ते प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ २१ ॥ शेषाश्च निष्पदाः सर्वे रक्षार्थं तु निवेशिताः । एवं ग्रामादिषु प्रोक्तं रहस्यमिदमीरितम् ॥ २२ ॥

कृतोपवासः स्थपतिः प्रभाते विशुद्धदेहोऽविकलं गृहीत्वा ।

विशेषसामान्यबलिं सुराणां यथोक्तनीत्या विदधीत सम्यक् ॥ २३ ॥

इति मयमते वस्तुशास्त्रे बलिकर्मविधानो नाम अष्टमोऽध्यायः




It is prescribed that offerings should be made to each god in his own place; individual and common offerings are made starting with that to Brahmä.²

Individual offerings

The place of Brahma is to be honoured with perfumes and garlands, incense, milk, honey and ghee, rice boiled in milk and roasted rice. The offering at the place of Aryaka is a cake of fruits as well as cooked beans and sesame seeds. Curd is prescribed for Vivasvant, durva grass for Mitra and for Mahidhara, milk. These are the offerings to the (gods) of the interior.

(At the place of) Parjanya the offering should be clarified butter and at that of Aindra, fresh butter and flowers. Entrails and flowers are the offerings for Indra, honey and onions for Bhaskara and, for Satyaka, honey. Fresh butter is offered to Bhrsa; the offering to Gagana is beans and orpiment, that to Vahni, milk, ghee and tagara powder and the offering to Puşan is vegetables and milk. An offering of cooked kanku is prescribed for Vitatha, one of intoxicating juice for Räksasa, of vegetables and boiled rice for Yama and, for Gandharva, an offering of pure perfume.



Sea fish is offered to Bhrgaraja and rice with fish to Mrsa. A sesame oil cake is offered to Nirrti" and a seed (of sesame) to Dauvärika, a cake is offered to Sugriva and, to Puspadanta, flowers and water. Rice and milk is the offering intended for Varuna and, for Asura, blood. The offering to Sosa should be rice with sesame, to Roga, dried fish, to Väyu, fat and orpiment and to Näga, wine and roasted rice. Flour, curds and ghee should be offered to Mukhya, to Bhallata, cooked rice with molasses and, to Soma, milk rice. Dried meat is to be offered to Mrga, cake to the Mother of the gods, sesame rice to Uditi and rice and ghee to Išaka.

Roasted rice is required for Savindra and perfumed water for Sävindra, for Indra and Indraraja, goat's fat and crushed beans, for Rudra and Rudrajaya, meat and fat and, for Apa and Apavatsa, lotus and the flesh of shellfish and tortoise.

The offering to Caraki is wine and roasted rice, to Vidări it is salt, to Putana, pista and, to the last (who is Paparakṣasi), bean water.

The common offering

5-17 All the gods in succession should then be presented with the common offering which consists of pure food with ghee and curds and

Elsewbere Pitt.

7. Aditi is the mother of the gods.


of perfumes (etc.). A young girl or a courtesan should be called to carry the offerings; she will first have purified her mind by means of impositions on limbs and hands.

After each deity has been hailed by name with a formula beginning 'OM' and ending 'NAMAS' and after water has been offered, the common offering should be made and then that appropriate to each god; next water is again offered. It is thus that the sages proceed at the time of the founding of villages and other settlements, using manduka or paramaśayin diagrams.?

The gods being appeased thus one after the other, according to the ritual, they should be dismissed with a formula in order that the layout of the construction may be set up.

Brahma and the exterior deities are to be installed, each in his place; (their positions) are intended for temples and gateways.10 The others, and all those without specific positions, are assigned to protect the site, 

The secret ritual pertaining to villages... etc. has thus been revealed.

At dawn, the architect, having fasted, purified his mind and under stood all things, must apportion amongst the gods the common and particular offerings according to the rules given above.

Thus ends, in the Mayamata, treatise on dwelling, the eighth chapter: RULES FOR OFFERINGS.]]>