i) Municipal Corporation – It is the topmost of urban local government and is for an urban area/centre with population above 3 lacs. As an institution it is more respectable and enjoys a greater measure of autonomy than other forms of local government.
It is set up under a special statute passed by the respective state’s legislature. However, in an exception, in Delhi ( due to it being the National Capital Territory), the power to set up a Municipal Corporation lies with the Union Parliament.
ii) Councillors – Members of the Municipal Corporation are elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage for a period of five years and they are called Councillors.
These Councillors, collectively called the Municipal Council, exercise deliberative functions and the executive functions are performed by the Municipal Commissioner.
iii) Municipal Commissioner & Mayor – He is an Indian Administrative Services official appointed by the state government and has the executive powers of the government of Municipal Corporations. The other executives known as the Mayor and Deputy Mayor are political executives elected for a period of one year by the members of the Corporation. The Mayor is the titular head of the corporation and presides over the meetings of the corporation.
These Municipal Corporations are in charge of Wards ( subdivision or district of a town/city) according to its population and representatives are elected from each Ward. The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai which is the civic body that governs Mumbai city is divided in to 6 zones each consisting of 3-5 wards each. Individual wards or collections of wards within a corporation sometimes have their own administrative body known as ward committees.
Functions of Municipal Corporations:
Obligatory – Supply of wholesome water and construction and maintenance of water works, supply of electricity,road transport services,construction,maintenance,naming and numbering of public streets,lighting,watering and cleaning public streets,etc.
Discretionary – Construction of public parks, gardens, libraries, museums, theatres and stadiums, public housing, planting of trees on road sides and elsewhere, provision of relief to destitute and disabled persons,civil reception of VIPs, registration of marriages ,organisation and management of fairs and exhibitions.
10 municipal corporation in Rajasthan : Ajmer , Bharatpur, Bikaner, Greater Jaipur, Jaipur Heritage, Jodhpur-North, Jodhpur-South, Kota-North, Kota-South, Udaipur
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Urban Development Management Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
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