Information 13
Government disseminates information on policy-making on its own initiative – or citizens access information upon their demand. In both cases, information flows essentially in one direction, from the government to citizens in a one-way relationship.
Examples are access to public records, official gazettes, and government web sites.
Consultation
Government asks for and receives citizens’ feedback on policymaking. In order to receive feedback, government defines whose views are sought on what issue during policy-making. Receiving citizens’ feedback also requires government to provide information to citizens beforehand. Consultation thus creates a limited two-way relationship between government and citizens.
Examples are comments on draft legislation, and public opinion surveys
Active participation
Citizens actively engage in decision-making and policy-making. Active participation means that citizens themselves take a role in the exchange on policy-making, for instance by proposing policy-options. At the same time, the responsibility for policy formulation and final decision rests with the government. Engaging citizens in policy-making is an advanced two-way relation between government and citizens based on the principle of partnership.
Examples are open working groups, laymen’s panels and dialogue processes.
Register & Download PDF for Educational Purposes Only
Urban Development Management Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
Register as member and login to download attachment [pdf] by right-click the pdf link and Select “Save link as” use for Educational Purposes Only
Disclaimer
Information on this site is purely for education purpose. The materials used and displayed on the Sites, including text, photographs, graphics, illustrations and artwork, video, music and sound, and names, logos, IS Codes, are copyrighted items of respective owners. Front Desk is not responsible and liable for information shared above.