This method is applicable to closed-loop pipe networks (a complex set of pipes in parallel).
It depends on the idea of head balance method
Assumptions / Steps of this method: 1.Assume that the water is withdrawn from nodes only; not directly from pipes. 2.The discharge, Q , entering the system will have (+) value, and the discharge, Q , leaving the system will have (-) value. 3. Usually neglect minor losses since these will be small with respect to those in long pipes, i.e.; or could be included as equivalent lengths in each pipe.
4. Assume flows for each individual pipe in the network.
5. At any junction (node), as done for pipes in parallel,
6. Around any loop in the grid, the sum of head losses must equal to zero:
•Conventionally, clockwise flows in a loop are considered (+) and produce positive head losses; counterclockwise flows are then (-) and produce negative head losses.
•This fact is called the head balance of each loop, and this can be valid only if the assumed Q for each pipe, within the loop, is correct
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Urban Infrastructure and Network Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
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