SEP encompasses the policies and practices which help us to evaluate the full cost of our energy choices to get more output from a unit of energy. These include
Supply Side Management Practices and technologies that improve the efficiency with which energy is produced and delivered to the end-users
New and Renewable energy development strategies 22
1) Development of micro grids and suitable control mechanism.
2) Energy storage: electrical and thermal storage with enhanced charge-discharge efficiencies and new technology routes.
3) Indigenous development of floating Solar Photo-Voltaic (SPV) stations.
4) Development and demonstration of lead redox flow battery system for solar energy storage and retrieval
5) PV degradation studies and identification of best suited technology for maximum solar PV generation
6) Indigenous development of wet and dry robotic cleaning system for PV modules.
7) Development of super hydro phobic coatings for PV modules.
8) Utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs e.g. DRONE) and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) for PV Plant inspection
9) Utilization of concentrated solar thermal energy for Cooking systems, desalination and cooling systems
10) Development of solar thermal and fossil hybrid power plants. Development of the hybrid technology as combination of conventional and any of the renewable sources (solar/wind/biomass etc)
11) Development of Centralized Solar PV Forecasting Solution
12) Development of new technologies like Quantum dots, multi junction cells and third generation technology like solar panels which utilizes ultra-violet (UV) and infrared-spectrum which ultimately increases the efficiencies of cells.
13) Distinct Focus on both small wind and large wind systems as the technologies and their deployment are vastly different
14) Low wind speed turbine development (India has very few locations with high wind speeds)
15) Development of low cost material for small wind turbine blades and tower
Distribution system
•Distribution system needs careful attention in the areas such as reduction in losses, metering, distribution automation, planning, harmonic pollution, custom power devices, etc
•High Voltage Distribution System (HVDS) is an effective method for reduction of technical losses and improved voltage profile.
•Improvement in reliability of distribution network can be achieved with deployment of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition/Distribution Management System (SCADA/DMS) for remote monitoring and control of various network elements, obviating need for manned substations.
Demand Side Management (DSM)
This includes end-use efficiency, fuel substitution, mode shifts, etc. The efficient technologies or practices that improve energy efficiency at the level of the final user are considered.
i) Implementation of various programs of Demand Side Management, energy efficiency and conservation measures like S&L (Standards & Labelling), PAT (Perform-Achieve-Trade) Scheme in industries, LED domestic & Street lighting etc.
ii) Total energy savings during the year 2021-22 and 2026-27 has been estimated to be 249 Billion Unit (BU) and 337 BU respectively. This will result in reduction in both Electrical Energy Requirement (BU) and Peak Demand (MW).
iii) A uniform approach for formulation of DSM regulations (including demand response) throughout the country may be taken up in the Forum of Regulators. Regulators need to notify appropriate DSM regulations and direct the DISCOMs to prepare time bound DSM action plan. Regulators may direct Distribution Companies to take up energy efficiency measures in their areas.
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Urban Infrastructure and Network Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
Urban Infrastructures & Network.pdf
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