Indicators are essential to a policy evaluation, as they are key tools that, when addressed/calculated, provide a clear, comparable measure of the impact of a policy.
Indicators can:
•Identify how actors are affected by the policy measure in question
•Assess the impacts of a particular policy measure on food waste in qualitative and, if possible, quantitative and/or monetary terms (via cost effectiveness and cost benefit analysis)
•Consider other social, environmental and economic impacts (positive impacts and potential trade-off effects).
•Indicator should possesses the following qualities:10
1. Attainable The measurement of the indicators should be achievable by the policy or project, and should be sensitive to the improvements the project/policy wishes to achieve.
2. Clear : Indicators should effectively target the factor which they are measuring, and should avoid ambiguity and arbitrariness in the measurement.
3. Comparable : The indicator measurement should enable comparison over the different life-cycle stages of the policy or project, as well as between different policies or projects.
4.Comprehensible: The definition and expression of the indicator should be intuitively and easily comprehensible to users.
5. Cost-effective: The cost of collecting and processing the data needed for the chosen indicators should be reasonable and affordable.
6. Up to date : Indicator information should be as up to date as possible, to reflect current or recent circumstances. The impact of delays between collection and use should be considered and factored into the analysis, where necessary using extrapolation techniques.
7. Measurable : Indicators should be defined so that their measurement and interpretation are as unambiguous as possible, preferably using data that is readily available, relevant, reliable and meaningful.
8. Redundant : While each input variable should measure a discrete phenomenon, separate indicators that measure the same phenomenon may be necessary and desirable.
9. Relevant : Indicators should be directly relevant to the issue being monitored or assessed, and should be based on clearly understood linkages between the indicator and the phenomena under consideration.
10. Reliable : The results from an indicator should be replicable by different researchers using standard methods. The methods should be stable over time and as valid in as wide a circumstance as possible.
11. Sensitive : Indicators should be able to reflect small changes in those things that the actions intend to change.
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Urban Development Policies Study notes for M. plan Sem-II
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