Illuminance is the measure of the amount of light that falls onto a surface per unit area. It is measured in lux (lx), which is the SI unit of illuminance. E=Φ/A A= Illuminated surface (m2) Φ = Luminous flux (lumen) E = Illuminance (lux) Illuminance depends on the distance between the light source and the […]
Luminous intensity
Luminous intensity (I) is the ability to emit light into a given direction, or it is the luminous flux that is radiated by the light source in a given direction within the unit of the spatial angel. unit :-candela. I=Φ/Ω Ω = solid angle into which luminous flux is emitted Φ = Luminous flux I […]
Luminous flux
Luminous flux (Φ) is the quantity of the energy of the light emitted per second in all directions. Unit :- lumen (lm). Luminous flux is a measure of the total amount of visible light that is emitted by a light source in all directions. It is the measure of the perceived power of light, weighted […]
Vertical Transportation
NBC 2016 Part 8/Subsection 5A covers the requirements for planning, design, installation, operation, maintenance and inspection of lifts General Terms Relating to Lifts LIFT (elevator) : Lift An appliance designed to transport persons or materials between two or more levels in a vertical or substantially vertical direction by means of a guided car. The word […]
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning)
Basic principles of refrigeration Heat : A Form of energy : Thermodynamics is the field of science that studies and deals with the mechanical action of heat. Cold : Absence of Heat : Lower intensities of heat have atoms oscillating slower, the material considered cold or cool How heat flows :The second law of thermodynamics […]
Rain Water Harvesting
Rain Water Harvesting to augment ground water resources Rain water harvesting is the technique of collection and storage of rain water at surface or in sub-surface aquifers, before it is lost as surface run-off. The augmented resource can be harvested in the time of need. Artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which […]