Lighting requirements are primarily dictated by the function of a space or the tasks being performed within it. Lighting requirements are usually specified by value of illuminance The National Building Code of India 2016 (NBC 2016) provides recommended values of illuminance for different types of spaces. These recommended values are based on the activities that […]
Artificial Lighting Design
Artificial lighting design involves the selection and positioning of artificial light sources to provide adequate and appropriate illumination within a space. The goal of artificial lighting design is to create a comfortable and functional environment that meets the visual needs of occupants while minimizing energy consumption and operating costs. Artificial lighting may have to be […]
Components of Daylight Factor
Daylight factor is the sum of all the daylight reaching on an indoor reference point from the following sources: 1.Direct sky visible from the point, expressed as the sky component (SC), 2.External surfaces reflecting light directly to the point , expressed as the externally reflected component (ERC), 3.Internal surfaces reflecting and inter-reflecting light to the […]
Day lighting
The primary source of lighting for daylighting is the sun. In daylighting design, the goal is to maximize the use of natural light while minimizing the negative effects of glare and heat gain. This can be achieved through a range of strategies, including the use of daylight-responsive controls, such as automated shading systems and sensors […]
Visual efficiency & comfort
Visual efficiency and comfort are important considerations in lighting design and architecture. Visual efficiency refers to the ability of the lighting system to provide adequate illumination for the tasks being performed in the space while minimizing the amount of energy consumed. This can be achieved through careful selection of light sources, luminaires, and control systems […]
Laws of Reflection and Refraction
The Laws of Reflection and Refraction are important principles in illumination that describe how light behaves when it interacts with a surface or a medium. These laws have significant implications for the design and implementation of lighting systems. Law of reflection θ1 = angle of incidence θ’1 = angle of reflection. I – Incident ray […]
The Cosine Law of Illuminance
The Cosine Law of Illuminance is fundamental principle in lighting design and engineering that describes the relationship between the angle of incidence of light and the level of illuminance on a surface. The law states that the illuminance on a surface is proportional to the cosine of the angle of incidence of the light on […]
The Inverse Square Law of Illuminance
The Inverse Square Law of Illuminance is a fundamental principle in lighting design and engineering that describes the relationship between the distance of a light source and the level of illuminance (light intensity) on a surface. The law states that the intensity of light on a surface decreases as the distance between the surface and […]
luminaire efficiency
Luminaire efficiency is a measure of the effectiveness of a lighting system in delivering light output from the light source to the area being illuminated. It is expressed as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the total light output of the luminaire (in lumens) by the total power input (in watts). Luminaire efficiency takes […]
Luminance
Luminance is a measure of the brightness of a surface that is illuminated by a light source. It is the amount of light that is emitted, reflected or transmitted by a surface per unit area, in a given direction. Luminance is typically measured in candelas per square meter (cd/m²) and is an important parameter for […]