Planning

Critical flow condition develops when Froude no equals to 1.0. In open channel flow design, critical state of flow should be avoided as under such condition the water surface becomes unstable and wavy. It is, therefore, recommended that the open […]

1. Reynolds’s number For open channel flow of any cross section: Re = VR / ν For flow in pipe of diameter D Re = VD / ν Where, Re : Reynold’s Number (Dimensionless) V : Cross- sectional mean velocity […]

Storm water flows in Channels and Conduits Storm water flows in channels/ conduits in contact with atmospheric air is said to be an open channel flow or free-surface flow. If the rate of discharge remains constant with time at a […]

The essential requirement for designing of Storm Water Drainage system is the proper estimation of storm runoff to downstream drains or the point of disposal. It has a bearing on optimizing the cost of infrastructure as well as its performance. […]

In storm water drainage system design, estimation of runoff from the tributary catchment reaching various inlets of the drain is important. This can be estimated if Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) curves are available. The IDF curve is drawn based on […]

Important factors responsible for present status of poor urban drainage system in India 1.The natural drainage systems in most of the cities are in jeopardy, and the problem of flooding is worsening with time due to non-availability of properly engineered […]

Using this runoff data, the storm water drains should be designed following the aspects of design as mentioned in CPHEEO manual Chapters 5, 6 & 7. Reduction in storm runoff by constructing retention/detention ponds / Rooftop rainwater harvesting etc. as […]

Urban storm water drainage systems have got priority in India only after drinking water supply and sewerage projects in the majority of the cases. Planning & Investigation of Storm Water 1. Data Collection, Survey and Investigation Physical Characteristics : Topographical […]

Directorate of Local Bodies (DLB)   •Nodal agency for supervising and managing the planning and implementation of FSSM operations across all the ULBs in Rajasthan. •Set-up of a State FSSM Cell for closely working & performance monitoring of respective ULBs. […]

The right to sanitation has been recognized in India for more than two decades, and progressively integrated into the international human rights law framework since the beginning of the century. Courts in India have derived the right from the constitutional […]