Social equity is the equitable distribution of impacts. It is defined as the equal distribution of benefits, disadvantages and costs among people. On the subject of infrastructure it has three main dimensions •distribution of impacts as horizontal dimension, •income and social class as first vertical dimension •mobility, need and ability as second vertical dimension.
Distribution of impacts as horizontal dimension refers to fairness in distribution of impacts among individuals without any favour. AIl individuals should benefit the same. Everyone should receive equal benefits of resources and bear equal costs.
Income and social class as first vertical dimension refers to justice in distribution of impacts between groups who have different abilities or needs. At times, it is defined as social or environmental justice. These groups are distinguished either by their income level or by social class. It is achieved by any project considering low economic or socially deprived groups (e.g. Fair transport policies).
Mobility, need and ability as second vertical dimension, which considers individuals with disability or special constraints.
Spatial equity is the equal distribution of individuals on geographical location affected by particular projects. •Spatial equity is dropping of disparities between different living levels. •Spatial equity can be by identifying criteria defining fairness in the allocation of basic social services, activities and development resources.
Talen and Anselin define spatial equity as the correlation between spatial distribution of services/activities and spatial distribution of different socioeconomic groups;
In this context of infrastructure spatial equity and social equity are not apart from each other.
Two different measures of spatial equity analysis for equity based concept.
The spatial equity analysis includes location, shape or size and defines to what extent urban public facilities are allocated
non-spatial equity analysis is that information which does not include any geometric considerations.
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Urban Infrastructure and Network Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
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