Urban Infrastructure and Network

This method is applicable to closed-loop pipe networks  (a complex set of pipes in parallel). It depends on the idea of head balance method Assumptions / Steps of this method: 1.Assume that the water is withdrawn from nodes only; not […]

Hierarchical relationship of Components, Subcomponent, and sub-subcomponent. Cullinane, Jr., M. J., Methodologies for the evaluation of Water Distribution System Reliability/Availability Register & Download PDF for Educational Purposes Only Urban Infrastructure and Network Study notes for M. plan Sem-III Urban Infrastructures & Network.pdf […]

Compound Pipe flow The system is called compound pipe flow: When two or more pipes with different diameters are connected together head to tail (in series) or connected to two common nodes (in parallel) Flow Through Pipes in Series pipes […]

Laying & jointing :   Pipes are laid underground with minimum cover of 1 m. Care should be taken to locate other utilities in ground and avoid damage to them. All specials and valves should be available and installed with pipe […]

(Para 10.3 OF CPHEEO) 1.Peak Factor:    The per capita rate of water supply indicates only the average consumption of water per day per person over a period of one year.  In the design of water supply distribution system, it […]

Aim : To improve the raw water quality to the drinking water standards and stop water borne transmission of epidemics . Methods of treatment :  Depends on the nature of source and its water quality . Subsurface source Generally Chlorination […]

A pump is a device which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. It lifts water from a lower to a higher level and delivers it at high pressure. Pumps are employed in water supply projects at various stages for following […]

Various types of Joints • Spigot and Socket Joints or Bell & Spigot Joints This types of joints is mostly used for cast iron pipes For the construction of this joint the spigot or normal end of one pipe is […]

Concrete Pipes These pipes may be precast or Cast-in-situ plain concrete pipe may be used at such places where water does not flow under pressure, these pipes are jointed with Bel &Spigot Joints. Plain Concrete pipes are up to 60 […]

Steel pipes The Construction of these pipes is similar to wrought iron pipes, it is occasionally used from main lines and at such places where pressure are high and pipe dia is more. Steel pipes are more stronger, have very […]