Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning and design strategy that consists in promoting urban development that is compact, mixed-use, pedestrian- and bicycle-friendly, and closely integrated with mass transit by clustering jobs, housing, services, and amenities around public transport stations.
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is an urban planning and design approach that emphasizes compact, mixed-use development around public transportation infrastructure. The goal of TOD is to create walkable, bikeable, and transit-oriented neighborhoods that promote sustainable modes of transportation and reduce reliance on personal automobiles.
TOD typically involves the creation of dense, pedestrian-friendly developments, with a mix of residential, commercial, and office uses, that are located within a short walk or bike ride of a transit station or stop. By encouraging transit use and reducing the need for car travel, TOD can help reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and carbon emissions, while also promoting more equitable access to transportation and economic opportunities.
A typical TOD has a rail or bus station at its center, surrounded by relatively high-density development, with progressively lower-density spreading outwards one-quarter to one-half mile, which represents pedestrian scale distances. It includes these design features
•The neighborhood is designed for Cycling and Walking, with adequate facilities and attractive street conditions.
•Streets have good Connectivity and Traffic Calming features to control vehicle traffic speeds.
•Mixed-use development that includes shops, schools and other public services, and a variety of housing types and prices, within each neighborhood.
•Parking Management to reduce the amount of land devoted to parking compared with conventional development, and to take advantage of the parking cost savings associated with reduced automobile use (NJDOT, 2007).
•Transit Stops and Stations that are convenient, comfortable and Secure, with features such as comfortable waiting areas, venders selling refreshments and periodicals, washrooms, Wayfinding and Multi-Modal Navigation Tools.
Successful TOD requires coordination between multiple stakeholders, including local government, transit agencies, developers, and community groups. Some key elements of TOD planning and design include designing streets and public spaces that prioritize pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users; incorporating affordable housing and mixed-income developments; and ensuring that development does not displace existing residents or businesses.
Principles of National TOD Policy
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