Land use-Transport Integration
Land use and transport are intricately related. While urban structure determines travel demand and transport supply influences urban structure. The location and design of spatial development has a fundamental influence on travel patterns. At the same time, the location and characteristics of major transport infrastructure impacts the allocation of land uses from both macro and site plan perspectives.
With the advent of automobiles, the mobility of people increased and it provided them with the flexibility to stay in a better living environment, farther away from the city centre. As the private vehicle ownership
grew, it led to the outward expansion of the city. The city sizes grew and with the increase in vehicular volumes, new wider roads were developed providing better mobility to access different places to fulfil daily needs.
Thus, this trend of increasing motorization is leading to sprawling cities characterized by low density, longer travel distances due to increasing city sizes and dispersed development patterns, and resulted in road congestion and green house gas emissions, deterioration of environment, increased accidents and diminution of urban life standards.
As per Alonso’s theory, land values and population densities decline as one move away from the city centre. As the city grows larger because of urban sprawl, density decay curves become flatter.
Land use-transport integration is an approach to urban planning that aims to create a more efficient, sustainable, and livable urban environment by coordinating land use and transportation policies. It involves integrating transportation systems, such as public transit, biking, and walking infrastructure, with land use policies, such as zoning and building codes, to encourage more sustainable and active transportation modes.
The goal of land use-transport integration is to create compact, mixed-use, and walkable communities where people can easily access the services they need, without having to rely heavily on private vehicles. By reducing the need for long commutes and encouraging sustainable transportation options, this approach can help reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.
Examples of land use-transport integration measures include designing streets and public spaces to be more pedestrian and bicycle-friendly, increasing access to public transportation, implementing transit-oriented development (TOD) policies that encourage high-density, mixed-use development around transit stations, and adopting zoning codes that allow for a mix of residential and commercial uses in the same area.
Land use patterns at macro and micro levels
Transportation Problem in cities
Benefits of land use transport Integration
Case cities of land use –transport integration : Ahmedabad
Tools for Land use –Transport Integration
- Density
- Land use Mix
- Strategic Network
- TOD and DOT
Institutional Framework for LUTP
Component of Land Use-Transport Model
- Land use models
- Spatial interactions models
- Transportation network models
Measurement and quantification of Land Use-Transport system
Land use transport model
- Density saturation gradient method (DSG) :
- Hansen’s accessibility model (HAM)
- Intervening opportunity model
- Garin Lowry model
Attributes used to measure the impact of land use on traffic
Trip generation rates of different land uses
Travel demand Analysis based on land-use
Land-use measures to reduce traffic congestion
Pedestrian safety : Land-use planning factors
Transit Oriented Development (TOD)
Principles of National TOD Policy
Approach for TOD Implementation National TOD policy
Download Study Notes PDF
Land use and Transport Planning.pdf
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FD Planning Community Forum Discussion
- Land Use Transport Integration and Density of Urban Growth Toolkit
- Integration of Land Use and Transport Planning
- Introduction – Modelling Transport – Ortuzar Willumsen
- Mathematical Prerequisites from Modelling Transport
- data and space from Modelling Transport
- Trip Generation Modelling from Modelling Transport
- Modal split and direct demand models from Modelling Transport
- Discrete choice models from Modelling Transport
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