Urban infrastructures are sociotechnical systems embedded in the urban areas to which they provide fundamental services such as energy, water, or communications.
Systems can be viewed as “the link between city inhabitants and natural resources” ,supporting the critical flow of energy, water, waste, and information into, inside and out of the city, acting as integrators of the economic and social structures that depend on them.
Efficiency refers to the ability to avoid wasting a resource (such as energy, money, or time) in doing something or producing a desired result, which can often be measured as the percentage of primary input transformed into the outcome
Resilience refers to the “ability to reduce the magnitude and/or duration of disruptive events. The effectiveness of a resilient infrastructure. . . depends upon its ability to anticipate, absorb, adapt to, and/or rapidly recover from a potentially disruptive event” Our approach here is a systemic one that is, we are concerned about the resilience of a complex and dynamic sociotechnical system.
Utilities : The term utilities can also refer to the set of services provided by public or private organizations consumed by the public: coal, electricity, natural gas, water, sewage, telephone, and transportation.
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Urban Infrastructure and Network Study notes for M. plan Sem-III
Urban Infrastructures & Network.pdf
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