Land Use and Transport Planning (LUTP) in India is mostly handled by multiple agencies at different levels of Government. Problems include a lack of clear definition of responsibilities amongst different tiers of government which leads to institutional conflicts in areas including enforcement, infrastructure provision and use, policy formulation and coordination.
Institutional integration and legal mechanism
To insure land use transport integration the development agencies/ local authorities will need to adopt a proactive role and look into their respective legislations to ensure that processes are setup to enable integration. It is important to note that the development plans/ Master Plans have provision to ensure that transportation is taken care of in the planning process; hence the problem is with the application rather than the Act itself.
Lead agency: for the success of any plan ownership is very important hence it is important to decide on who would take the ownership. There are few aspects that play a key role in the coordination-
• Strong political leadership
• Inter-Agency Collaboration- Collaboration between agencies is critically important, and requires careful management of requirements, expectations and relationships.
• An integrated, hierarchical approach to spatial and transport planning, this is only realistically achievable if there is good collaboration with strong leadership.
The agency which takes ownership of the plan will act as a watchdog to streamline the
implementation process. It is recommended that the Development Authority or Municipal Authority will need to take a pivotal role in the process and ensure that integration of plans made by various organizations while planning for future.
Institutional integration and Capacity building
Plan area and horizon: Plan period is often defined in terms of long term, medium term and short term plans. Spatial plan decisions and transport decisions have long gestation periods involving city-level and longer-term measures. Hence the planning horizon for such plans needs to be longer around 20-30 years. Land use and transportation plans need to be prepared concurrently.
It is also important to align plan period with national/state level plans so that their funding becomes predictable. While plan horizon has to be long, they should not remain rigid. For cities witnessing rapid and dynamic growth a review and revision of strategic plans after 5 years may be done
Capacity building
• Awareness on Land use Transport Integration: Since most of the people involved in the land use planning process are not exposed to the intricacy of transport issues it is suggested that authorities should encourage them to go for professional development courses so as to refresh their knowledge and also give an outlook to newer concepts and techniques. Four Centers of Excellence in urban transport have been setup by GOI who offer such courses apart from organizations like TERI, UNDP, GIZ and The World Bank.
Component of Land Use-Transport Model
- Land use models
- Spatial interactions models
- Transportation network models
Land use and Transport Planning home page
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FD Planning Community Forum Discussion
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