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The Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India, has launched the Service Level Benchmarking (SLB) initiative covering water supply, wastewater, solid waste management (SWM) and storm water drainage. 28 performance indicators: •Water Supply 1.Coverage of water supply connections 2.Per […]

Indicators are essential to a policy evaluation, as they are key tools that, when addressed/calculated, provide a clear, comparable measure of the impact of a policy. Indicators can: •Identify how actors are affected by the policy measure in question •Assess […]

Participatory  approach  aimed at democratizing decision making at all levels of society. Participation has been intrinsically linked to the idea of empowering groups who are less able to make themselves heard, enabling them to effectively defend their interests against the […]

Policy monitoring is the process of regularly checking and evaluating the implementation and impact of policies. 1. Managerial Approaches : The management of the public sector has now adopted more or less business-like style, the techniques of which were once […]

Monitoring is an activity which occurs in the course of implementing a programme or a policy. The objective of policy monitoring is to ensure, through the policy implementation process, that resource inputs are used as efficiently as possible to yield […]

Decision-making is usually defined as a process or sequence of activities involving stages of problem recognition, search for information, definition of alternatives and the selection of an actor of one from two or more alternatives consistent with the ranked preferences. […]

The policy scientists have created theories and models to help them understand and explain the policy making process. Following the widely accepted conceptual scheme of Thomas Dye, Policy Models can be conveniently classified into the following seven types: 5 1. […]

Problems in the implementation of policy are common in all countries, be they developed or developing. Even with relatively good administrative structures, public policy often does not have its intended impact due to conceptual and political problems. 5 1 Conceptual […]

Implementation is what realizes decision or what generates outputs? It can be seen essentially in terms of the nature and degree of control exercised over the operations of a policy. Policy-making does not come to an end, once a policy […]