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Project identification is the first stage of a project life cycle and precedes project preparation and procurement stages. It is a crucial stage in which the public entity seeks to identify the needs of the community for provision of public […]

The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) project lifecycle typically involves the following stages: Overall, the PPP project lifecycle involves a complex process that requires careful planning, collaboration, and coordination between the government agency and private sector partner to ensure successful project delivery. […]

Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) can be promoted through a variety of methods, including: Overall, promoting PPPs requires a concerted effort by governments, private sector entities, and other stakeholders. A supportive policy environment, effective communication and transparency, and capacity building are all […]

Advantages of a PPP project (government side) From the government’s perspective, some advantages of a PPP project include: Overall, PPPs can provide a range of advantages for the government, including access to private sector expertise, risk sharing, cost savings, improved […]

Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) involve collaboration between a public sector entity and a private sector organization to deliver a project or service. Successful PPPs require certain preconditions to be in place, including: हिंदी अनुवाद (Hindi Translation) भागीदारी के लिए पूर्वापेक्षाएं भागीदारी […]

PPPs are needed in situations where the public sector alone cannot deliver a project efficiently or effectively. This may be due to a lack of financial resources, expertise, or technology. PPPs enable the private sector to partner with the public […]

PPP may be defined  as : A long-term contract between a public party and a private party , for the development and/or management of a public asset or service, in which the private agent bears significant risk and management responsibility […]

The profitability index (PI) is an appraisal technique applied to potential capital outlays. The method divides the projected capital inflow by the projected capital outflow to determine the profitability of a development project. PV of Future Cash Flows : The […]

Performance appraisal as a pivotal management technique is believed to hold individual public employees accountable. It is tool for measuring employee job performance, clarifying personnel decisions such as promotion, demotion, transfer, or retention, and allocating financial rewards; as well as […]